CachingVariable.h

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#ifndef ConfigurableAnalysis_CachingVariable_H
#define ConfigurableAnalysis_CachingVariable_H

#include "FWCore/ParameterSet/interface/ParameterSet.h"
#include "FWCore/Framework/interface/Event.h"
#include "FWCore/Framework/interface/ConsumesCollector.h"
#include "DataFormats/Common/interface/Handle.h"
#include "FWCore/ServiceRegistry/interface/Service.h"
#include "CommonTools/Utils/interface/StringObjectFunction.h"
#include "CommonTools/Utils/interface/StringCutObjectSelector.h"
#include "FWCore/MessageLogger/interface/MessageLogger.h"

#include "CommonTools/UtilAlgos/interface/InputTagDistributor.h"

namespace edm {
  class EventSetup;
}
#include <vector>
#include "TString.h"

class Description {
public:
  Description() {}
  Description(std::vector<std::string>& d) : d_(d) {}
  std::string text() const {
    std::string text;
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i != d_.size(); ++i)
      text += d_[i] + "\n";
    return text;
  }
  const std::vector<std::string> lines() { return d_; }
  void addLine(const std::string& l) { d_.push_back(l); }

private:
  std::vector<std::string> d_;
};

class VariableComputer;

class CachingVariable {
public:
  //every variable return double values
  typedef double valueType;
  typedef std::pair<bool, valueType> evalType;
  typedef std::map<std::string, const CachingVariable*> vMap;
  struct CachingVariableFactoryArg {
    CachingVariableFactoryArg(const CachingVariableFactoryArg& copy) : n(copy.n), m(copy.m), iConfig(copy.iConfig) {}
    CachingVariableFactoryArg(std::string& N, CachingVariable::vMap& M, edm::ParameterSet& P)
        : n(N), m(M), iConfig(P) {}
    std::string& n;
    CachingVariable::vMap& m;
    edm::ParameterSet& iConfig;
  };

  CachingVariable(std::string m, std::string n, const edm::ParameterSet& iConfig, edm::ConsumesCollector& iC)
      : cache_(std::make_pair(false, 0)), method_(m), name_(n), conf_(iConfig) {}

  virtual ~CachingVariable() {}

  //does the variable computes
  bool compute(const edm::Event& iEvent) const { return baseEval(iEvent).first; }

  //accessor to the computed/cached value
  valueType operator()(const edm::Event& iEvent) const { return baseEval(iEvent).second; }

  const std::string& name() const { return name_; }
  const std::string& method() const { return method_; }
  const Description& description() const { return d_; }
  void addDescriptionLine(const std::string& s) { d_.addLine(s); }
  const std::string& holderName() const { return holderName_; }
  void setHolder(std::string hn) const { holderName_ = hn; }

  void print() const { edm::LogVerbatim("CachingVariable") << name() << "\n" << description().text(); }

protected:
  mutable evalType cache_;
  mutable edm::Event::CacheIdentifier_t eventCacheID_ = 0;

  std::string method_;
  std::string name_;
  mutable std::string holderName_;
  void setCache(valueType& v) const {
    cache_.first = true;
    cache_.second = v;
  }
  void setNotCompute() const {
    cache_.first = false;
    cache_.second = 0;
  }
  evalType& baseEval(const edm::Event& iEvent) const {
    if (notSeenThisEventAlready(iEvent)) {
      LogDebug("CachingVariable") << name_ + ":" + holderName_ << " is checking once";
      cache_ = eval(iEvent);
    }
    return cache_;
  }
  bool notSeenThisEventAlready(const edm::Event& iEvent) const {
    bool retValue = (std::numeric_limits<edm::Event::CacheIdentifier_t>::max() != eventCacheID_ and
                     eventCacheID_ != iEvent.cacheIdentifier());
    if (retValue) {
      eventCacheID_ = iEvent.cacheIdentifier();
    }
    return retValue;
  }

  //cannot be made purely virtual otherwise one cannot have purely CachingVariableObjects
  virtual evalType eval(const edm::Event& iEvent) const { return std::make_pair(false, 0); };

  Description d_;
  edm::ParameterSet conf_;
  friend class VariableComputer;
};

class ComputedVariable;
class VariableComputer {
public:
  VariableComputer(const CachingVariable::CachingVariableFactoryArg& arg, edm::ConsumesCollector& iC);
  virtual ~VariableComputer() {}

  virtual void compute(const edm::Event& iEvent) const = 0;
  const std::string& name() const { return name_; }
  void declare(std::string var, edm::ConsumesCollector& iC);
  void assign(std::string var, double& value) const;
  void doesNotCompute() const;
  void doesNotCompute(std::string var) const;

  bool notSeenThisEventAlready(const edm::Event& iEvent) const {
    bool retValue = (std::numeric_limits<edm::Event::CacheIdentifier_t>::max() != eventCacheID_ and
                     eventCacheID_ != iEvent.cacheIdentifier());
    if (retValue) {
      eventCacheID_ = iEvent.cacheIdentifier();
    }
    return retValue;
  }

protected:
  const CachingVariable::CachingVariableFactoryArg& arg_;
  std::string name_;
  std::string method_;
  mutable std::map<std::string, const ComputedVariable*> iCompute_;
  std::string separator_;

  mutable edm::Event::CacheIdentifier_t eventCacheID_ = 0;
};

#include "FWCore/PluginManager/interface/PluginFactory.h"
#include "FWCore/ParameterSet/interface/ParameterSet.h"

typedef edmplugin::PluginFactory<CachingVariable*(CachingVariable::CachingVariableFactoryArg,
                                                  edm::ConsumesCollector& iC)>
    CachingVariableFactory;
typedef edmplugin::PluginFactory<VariableComputer*(CachingVariable::CachingVariableFactoryArg,
                                                   edm::ConsumesCollector& iC)>
    VariableComputerFactory;

class ComputedVariable : public CachingVariable {
public:
  ComputedVariable(const CachingVariableFactoryArg& arg, edm::ConsumesCollector& iC);
  ComputedVariable(
      const std::string& M, std::string& N, edm::ParameterSet& P, const VariableComputer* c, edm::ConsumesCollector& iC)
      : CachingVariable(M, N, P, iC), myComputer(c) {}
  ~ComputedVariable() override {}

  evalType eval(const edm::Event& iEvent) const override {
    if (myComputer->notSeenThisEventAlready(iEvent))
      myComputer->compute(iEvent);
    return cache_;
  }

private:
  std::unique_ptr<const VariableComputer> myComputer;
};

class VariableComputerTest : public VariableComputer {
public:
  VariableComputerTest(const CachingVariable::CachingVariableFactoryArg& arg, edm::ConsumesCollector& iC);
  ~VariableComputerTest() override {}

  void compute(const edm::Event& iEvent) const override;
};

class Splitter : public CachingVariable {
public:
  Splitter(std::string method, std::string n, const edm::ParameterSet& iConfig, edm::ConsumesCollector& iC)
      : CachingVariable(method, n, iConfig, iC) {}

  //purely virtual here
  CachingVariable::evalType eval(const edm::Event& iEvent) const override = 0;

  unsigned int maxIndex() const { return maxSlots() - 1; }

  //maximum NUMBER of slots: counting over/under flows
  virtual unsigned int maxSlots() const { return labels_.size(); }

  const std::string shortLabel(unsigned int i) const {
    if (i >= short_labels_.size()) {
      edm::LogError("Splitter") << "trying to access slots short_label at index: " << i
                                << "while of size: " << short_labels_.size() << "\n"
                                << conf_.dump();
      return short_labels_.back();
    } else
      return short_labels_[i];
  }

  const std::string& label(unsigned int i) const {
    if (i >= labels_.size()) {
      edm::LogError("Splitter") << "trying to access slots label at index: " << i << "while of size: " << labels_.size()
                                << "\n"
                                << conf_.dump();
      return labels_.back();
    } else
      return labels_[i];
  }

protected:
  std::vector<std::string> labels_;
  std::vector<std::string> short_labels_;
};

class VarSplitter : public Splitter {
public:
  VarSplitter(const CachingVariableFactoryArg& arg, edm::ConsumesCollector& iC)
      : Splitter("VarSplitter", arg.n, arg.iConfig, iC) {
    var_ = arg.iConfig.getParameter<std::string>("var");
    useUnderFlow_ = arg.iConfig.getParameter<bool>("useUnderFlow");
    useOverFlow_ = arg.iConfig.getParameter<bool>("useOverFlow");
    slots_ = arg.iConfig.getParameter<std::vector<double> >("slots");
    if (useUnderFlow_) {
      labels_.push_back("underflow");
      short_labels_.push_back("_" + arg.n + "_underflow");
    }
    std::vector<std::string> confLabels;
    if (arg.iConfig.exists("labels")) {
      confLabels = arg.iConfig.getParameter<std::vector<std::string> >("labels");
    } else {
      std::string labelFormat = arg.iConfig.getParameter<std::string>("labelsFormat");
      for (unsigned int is = 0; is != slots_.size() - 1; ++is) {
        std::string l(Form(labelFormat.c_str(), slots_[is], slots_[is + 1]));
        confLabels.push_back(l);
      }
    }
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i != confLabels.size(); ++i) {
      labels_.push_back(confLabels[i]);
      std::stringstream ss;
      ss << "_" << arg.n << "_" << i;
      short_labels_.push_back(ss.str());
    }
    if (useOverFlow_) {
      labels_.push_back("overFlow");
      short_labels_.push_back("_" + arg.n + "_overFlow");
    }

    //check consistency
    if (labels_.size() != maxSlots())
      edm::LogError("Splitter") << "splitter with name: " << name() << " has inconsistent configuration\n"
                                << conf_.dump();

    arg.m[arg.n] = this;
  }

  CachingVariable::evalType eval(const edm::Event& iEvent) const override;

  //redefine the maximum number of slots
  unsigned int maxSlots() const override {
    unsigned int s = slots_.size() - 1;
    if (useUnderFlow_)
      s++;
    if (useOverFlow_)
      s++;
    return s;
  }

protected:
  std::string var_;
  bool useUnderFlow_;
  bool useOverFlow_;
  std::vector<double> slots_;
};

template <typename Object, const char* label>
class ExpressionVariable : public CachingVariable {
public:
  ExpressionVariable(const CachingVariableFactoryArg& arg, edm::ConsumesCollector& iC)
      : CachingVariable(std::string(label) + "ExpressionVariable", arg.n, arg.iConfig, iC),
        f_(nullptr),
        forder_(nullptr) {
    srcTag_ = edm::Service<InputTagDistributorService>()->retrieve("src", arg.iConfig);
    src_ = iC.consumes<edm::View<Object> >(srcTag_);
    //old style constructor
    if (arg.iConfig.exists("expr") && arg.iConfig.exists("index")) {
      std::string expr = arg.iConfig.getParameter<std::string>("expr");
      index_ = arg.iConfig.getParameter<unsigned int>("index");
      f_ = new StringObjectFunction<Object>(expr);
      addDescriptionLine("calculating: " + expr);
      std::stringstream ss;
      ss << "on object at index: " << index_ << " of: " << srcTag_;

      if (arg.iConfig.exists("order")) {
        std::string order = arg.iConfig.getParameter<std::string>("order");
        forder_ = new StringObjectFunction<Object>(order);
        ss << " after sorting according to: " << order;
      } else
        forder_ = nullptr;

      if (arg.iConfig.exists("selection")) {
        std::string selection = arg.iConfig.getParameter<std::string>("selection");
        selector_ = new StringCutObjectSelector<Object>(selection);
        ss << " and selecting only: " << selection;
      } else
        selector_ = nullptr;

      addDescriptionLine(ss.str());
      ss.str("");
      arg.m[arg.n] = this;
    } else {
      //multiple instance constructor
      std::map<std::string, edm::Entry> indexEntry;
      if (arg.n.find("_N") != std::string::npos) {
        //will have to loop over indexes
        std::vector<unsigned int> indexes = arg.iConfig.getParameter<std::vector<unsigned int> >("indexes");
        for (unsigned int iI = 0; iI != indexes.size(); ++iI) {
          edm::ParameterSet toUse = arg.iConfig;
          edm::Entry e("unsigned int", indexes[iI], true);
          std::stringstream ss;
          //add +1 0->1, 1->2, ... in the variable label
          ss << indexes[iI] + 1;
          indexEntry.insert(std::make_pair(ss.str(), e));
        }
      }  //contains "_N"

      std::map<std::string, edm::Entry> varEntry;
      if (arg.n.find("_V") != std::string::npos) {
        //do something fancy for multiple variable from one PSet
        std::vector<std::string> vars = arg.iConfig.getParameter<std::vector<std::string> >("vars");
        for (unsigned int v = 0; v != vars.size(); ++v) {
          unsigned int sep = vars[v].find(':');
          std::string name = vars[v].substr(0, sep);
          std::string expr = vars[v].substr(sep + 1);

          edm::Entry e("string", expr, true);
          varEntry.insert(std::make_pair(name, e));
        }
      }  //contains "_V"

      std::string radical = arg.n;
      //remove the "_V";
      if (!varEntry.empty())
        radical = radical.substr(0, radical.size() - 2);
      //remove the "_N";
      if (!indexEntry.empty())
        radical = radical.substr(0, radical.size() - 2);

      if (varEntry.empty()) {
        //loop only the indexes
        for (std::map<std::string, edm::Entry>::iterator iIt = indexEntry.begin(); iIt != indexEntry.end(); ++iIt) {
          edm::ParameterSet toUse = arg.iConfig;
          toUse.insert(true, "index", iIt->second);
          std::string newVname = radical + iIt->first;
          //      std::cout<<"in the loop, creating variable with name: "<<newVname<<std::endl;
          // the constructor auto log the new variable in the map
          new ExpressionVariable(CachingVariable::CachingVariableFactoryArg(newVname, arg.m, toUse), iC);
        }
      } else {
        for (std::map<std::string, edm::Entry>::iterator vIt = varEntry.begin(); vIt != varEntry.end(); ++vIt) {
          if (indexEntry.empty()) {
            edm::ParameterSet toUse = arg.iConfig;
            toUse.insert(true, "expr", vIt->second);
            std::string newVname = radical + vIt->first;
            //      std::cout<<"in the loop, creating variable with name: "<<newVname<<std::endl;
            // the constructor auto log the new variable in the map
            new ExpressionVariable(CachingVariable::CachingVariableFactoryArg(newVname, arg.m, toUse), iC);
          } else {
            for (std::map<std::string, edm::Entry>::iterator iIt = indexEntry.begin(); iIt != indexEntry.end(); ++iIt) {
              edm::ParameterSet toUse = arg.iConfig;
              toUse.insert(true, "expr", vIt->second);
              toUse.insert(true, "index", iIt->second);
              std::string newVname = radical + iIt->first + vIt->first;
              //          std::cout<<"in the loop, creating variable with name: "<<newVname<<std::endl;
              // the constructor auto log the new variable in the map
              new ExpressionVariable(CachingVariable::CachingVariableFactoryArg(newVname, arg.m, toUse), iC);
            }
          }
        }
      }
      //there is a memory leak here, because the object we are in is not logged in the arg.m, the variable is not valid
      // anyways, but reside in memory with no ways of de-allocating it.
      // since the caching variables are actually "global" objects, it does not matter.
      // we cannot add it to the map, otherwise, it would be considered for eventV ntupler
    }
  }
  ~ExpressionVariable() override {
    if (f_)
      delete f_;
    if (forder_)
      delete forder_;
    if (selector_)
      delete selector_;
  }

  CachingVariable::evalType eval(const edm::Event& iEvent) const override {
    if (!f_) {
      edm::LogError(method()) << " no parser attached.";
      return std::make_pair(false, 0);
    }
    edm::Handle<edm::View<Object> > oH;
    iEvent.getByToken(src_, oH);
    if (index_ >= oH->size()) {
      LogDebug(method()) << "fail to get object at index: " << index_ << " in collection: " << srcTag_;
      return std::make_pair(false, 0);
    }

    //get the ordering right first. if required
    if (selector_ || forder_) {
      std::vector<const Object*> copyToSort(0);
      copyToSort.reserve(oH->size());
      for (unsigned int i = 0; i != oH->size(); ++i) {
        if (selector_ && !((*selector_)((*oH)[i])))
          continue;
        copyToSort.push_back(&(*oH)[i]);
      }
      if (index_ >= copyToSort.size())
        return std::make_pair(false, 0);
      if (forder_)
        std::sort(copyToSort.begin(), copyToSort.end(), sortByStringFunction<Object>(forder_));

      const Object* o = copyToSort[index_];
      return std::make_pair(true, (*f_)(*o));
    } else {
      const Object& o = (*oH)[index_];
      return std::make_pair(true, (*f_)(o));
    }
  }

private:
  edm::InputTag srcTag_;
  edm::EDGetTokenT<edm::View<Object> > src_;
  unsigned int index_;
  StringObjectFunction<Object>* f_;
  StringObjectFunction<Object>* forder_;
  StringCutObjectSelector<Object>* selector_;
};

template <typename LHS, const char* lLHS, typename RHS, const char* lRHS, typename Calculator>
class TwoObjectVariable : public CachingVariable {
public:
  TwoObjectVariable(const CachingVariableFactoryArg& arg, edm::ConsumesCollector& iC)
      : CachingVariable(Calculator::calculationType() + std::string(lLHS) + std::string(lRHS), arg.n, arg.iConfig, iC),
        srcLhsTag_(edm::Service<InputTagDistributorService>()->retrieve("srcLhs", arg.iConfig)),
        srcLhs_(iC.consumes<std::vector<LHS> >(srcLhsTag_)),
        indexLhs_(arg.iConfig.getParameter<unsigned int>("indexLhs")),
        srcRhsTag_(edm::Service<InputTagDistributorService>()->retrieve("srcRhs", arg.iConfig)),
        srcRhs_(iC.consumes<std::vector<RHS> >(srcRhsTag_)),
        indexRhs_(arg.iConfig.getParameter<unsigned int>("indexRhs")) {
    std::stringstream ss;
    addDescriptionLine(Calculator::description());
    ss << "with Obj1 at index: " << indexLhs_ << " of: " << srcLhs_;
    addDescriptionLine(ss.str());
    ss.str("");
    ss << "with Obj2 at index: " << indexRhs_ << " of: " << srcRhs_;
    addDescriptionLine(ss.str());
    ss.str("");
    arg.m[arg.n] = this;
  }

  class getObject {
  public:
    getObject() : test(false), lhs(0), rhs(0) {}
    bool test;
    const LHS* lhs;
    const RHS* rhs;
  };
  getObject objects(const edm::Event& iEvent) const {
    getObject failed;
    edm::Handle<std::vector<LHS> > lhsH;
    iEvent.getByToken(srcLhs_, lhsH);
    if (lhsH.failedToGet()) {
      LogDebug("TwoObjectVariable") << name() << " could not get a collection with label: " << srcLhsTag_;
      return failed;
    }
    if (indexLhs_ >= lhsH->size()) {
      LogDebug("TwoObjectVariable") << name() << " tries to access index: " << indexLhs_ << " of: " << srcLhsTag_
                                    << " with: " << lhsH->size() << " entries.";
      return failed;
    }
    const LHS& lhs = (*lhsH)[indexLhs_];

    edm::Handle<std::vector<RHS> > rhsH;
    iEvent.getByToken(srcRhs_, rhsH);
    if (rhsH.failedToGet()) {
      LogDebug("TwoObjectVariable") << name() << " could not get a collection with label: " << srcLhsTag_;
      return failed;
    }

    if (indexRhs_ >= rhsH->size()) {
      LogDebug("TwoObjectVariable") << name() << " tries to access index: " << indexRhs_ << " of: " << srcRhsTag_
                                    << " with: " << rhsH->size() << " entries.";
      return failed;
    }
    const RHS& rhs = (*rhsH)[indexRhs_];

    failed.test = true;
    failed.lhs = &lhs;
    failed.rhs = &rhs;
    return failed;
  }

  //to be overloaded by the user
  virtual CachingVariable::valueType calculate(getObject& o) const {
    Calculator calc;
    return calc(*o.lhs, *o.rhs);
  }
  CachingVariable::evalType eval(const edm::Event& iEvent) const override {
    getObject o = objects(iEvent);
    if (!o.test)
      return std::make_pair(false, 0);
    return std::make_pair(true, calculate(o));
  }

private:
  edm::InputTag srcLhsTag_;
  edm::EDGetTokenT<std::vector<LHS> > srcLhs_;
  unsigned int indexLhs_;
  edm::InputTag srcRhsTag_;
  edm::EDGetTokenT<std::vector<RHS> > srcRhs_;
  unsigned int indexRhs_;
};

class VariablePower : public CachingVariable {
public:
  VariablePower(const CachingVariableFactoryArg& arg, edm::ConsumesCollector& iC)
      : CachingVariable("Power", arg.n, arg.iConfig, iC) {
    power_ = arg.iConfig.getParameter<double>("power");
    var_ = arg.iConfig.getParameter<std::string>("var");
    std::stringstream ss("Calculare X^Y, with X=");
    ss << var_ << " and Y=" << power_;
    addDescriptionLine(ss.str());
    arg.m[arg.n] = this;
  }
  ~VariablePower() override {}

  //concrete calculation of the variable
  CachingVariable::evalType eval(const edm::Event& iEvent) const override;

private:
  double power_;
  std::string var_;
};

template <typename TYPE>
class SimpleValueVariable : public CachingVariable {
public:
  SimpleValueVariable(const CachingVariableFactoryArg& arg, edm::ConsumesCollector& iC)
      : CachingVariable("SimpleValueVariable", arg.n, arg.iConfig, iC),
        src_(iC.consumes<TYPE>(edm::Service<InputTagDistributorService>()->retrieve("src", arg.iConfig))) {
    arg.m[arg.n] = this;
  }
  CachingVariable::evalType eval(const edm::Event& iEvent) const override {
    edm::Handle<TYPE> value;
    iEvent.getByToken(src_, value);
    if (value.failedToGet() || !value.isValid())
      return std::make_pair(false, 0);
    else
      return std::make_pair(true, *value);
  }

private:
  edm::EDGetTokenT<TYPE> src_;
};

template <typename TYPE>
class SimpleValueVectorVariable : public CachingVariable {
public:
  SimpleValueVectorVariable(const CachingVariableFactoryArg& arg, edm::ConsumesCollector& iC)
      : CachingVariable("SimpleValueVectorVariable", arg.n, arg.iConfig, iC),
        src_(iC.consumes<TYPE>(edm::Service<InputTagDistributorService>()->retrieve("src", arg.iConfig))),
        index_(arg.iConfig.getParameter<unsigned int>("index")) {
    arg.m[arg.n] = this;
  }
  CachingVariable::evalType eval(const edm::Event& iEvent) const override {
    edm::Handle<std::vector<TYPE> > values;
    iEvent.getByToken(src_, values);
    if (values.failedToGet() || !values.isValid())
      return std::make_pair(false, 0);
    else if (index_ >= values->size())
      return std::make_pair(false, 0);
    else
      return std::make_pair(true, (*values)[index_]);
  }

private:
  edm::EDGetTokenT<TYPE> src_;
  unsigned int index_;
};

#endif