ConversionProducer.cc

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// -*- C++ -*-
//
// Package:    ConversionProducer
// Class:      ConversionProducer
//
//
// Original Authors:  Hongliang Liu, UC of Riverside US, Nancy Marinelli Univ of Notre Dame
//         Created:  Thu Mar 13 17:40:48 CDT 2008
//
//

#include "CommonTools/Statistics/interface/ChiSquaredProbability.h"
#include "DataFormats/CaloRecHit/interface/CaloCluster.h"
#include "DataFormats/EcalDetId/interface/EcalSubdetector.h"
#include "DataFormats/EgammaCandidates/interface/Conversion.h"
#include "DataFormats/EgammaCandidates/interface/Photon.h"
#include "DataFormats/EgammaTrackReco/interface/ConversionTrack.h"
#include "DataFormats/GeometrySurface/interface/BoundCylinder.h"
#include "DataFormats/GeometrySurface/interface/BoundDisk.h"
#include "DataFormats/GeometrySurface/interface/ReferenceCounted.h"
#include "DataFormats/GeometrySurface/interface/SimpleCylinderBounds.h"
#include "DataFormats/GeometrySurface/interface/SimpleDiskBounds.h"
#include "DataFormats/GsfTrackReco/interface/GsfTrack.h"
#include "DataFormats/GsfTrackReco/interface/GsfTrackFwd.h"
#include "DataFormats/Math/interface/deltaPhi.h"
#include "DataFormats/TrackReco/interface/Track.h"
#include "DataFormats/TrackingRecHit/interface/TrackingRecHit.h"
#include "DataFormats/TrajectoryState/interface/PTrajectoryStateOnDet.h"
#include "DataFormats/VertexReco/interface/Vertex.h"
#include "FWCore/Framework/interface/ESHandle.h"
#include "FWCore/Framework/interface/Event.h"
#include "FWCore/Framework/interface/stream/EDProducer.h"
#include "FWCore/MessageLogger/interface/MessageLogger.h"
#include "FWCore/ParameterSet/interface/ParameterSet.h"
#include "FWCore/Utilities/interface/ESGetToken.h"
#include "Geometry/CaloGeometry/interface/CaloSubdetectorGeometry.h"
#include "Geometry/CommonDetUnit/interface/GeomDet.h"
#include "Geometry/Records/interface/TrackerDigiGeometryRecord.h"
#include "Geometry/TrackerGeometryBuilder/interface/TrackerGeometry.h"
#include "MagneticField/Engine/interface/MagneticField.h"
#include "MagneticField/Records/interface/IdealMagneticFieldRecord.h"
#include "RecoEgamma/EgammaPhotonAlgos/interface/ConversionHitChecker.h"
#include "RecoEgamma/EgammaPhotonAlgos/interface/ConversionVertexFinder.h"
#include "RecoEgamma/EgammaPhotonAlgos/interface/TangentApproachInRPhi.h"
#include "TrackingTools/MaterialEffects/interface/PropagatorWithMaterial.h"
#include "TrackingTools/PatternTools/interface/ClosestApproachInRPhi.h"
#include "TrackingTools/PatternTools/interface/Trajectory.h"
#include "TrackingTools/Records/interface/TransientTrackRecord.h"
#include "TrackingTools/TrajectoryState/interface/TrajectoryStateOnSurface.h"
#include "TrackingTools/TrajectoryState/interface/TrajectoryStateTransform.h"
#include "TrackingTools/TransientTrack/interface/TrackTransientTrack.h"
#include "TrackingTools/TransientTrack/interface/TransientTrack.h"
#include "TrackingTools/TransientTrack/interface/TransientTrackBuilder.h"

#include <map>
#include <memory>

class ConversionProducer : public edm::stream::EDProducer<> {
public:
  explicit ConversionProducer(const edm::ParameterSet&);

private:
  void produce(edm::Event&, const edm::EventSetup&) override;

  void buildSuperAndBasicClusterGeoMap(const edm::Event&,
                                       std::multimap<double, reco::CaloClusterPtr>& basicClusterPtrs,
                                       std::multimap<double, reco::CaloClusterPtr>& superClusterPtrs);

  // ----------member data ---------------------------
  std::string algoName_;

  typedef math::XYZPointF Point;
  typedef std::vector<Point> PointCollection;

  edm::EDGetTokenT<edm::View<reco::ConversionTrack> > src_;

  edm::EDGetTokenT<edm::View<reco::CaloCluster> > scBarrelProducer_;
  edm::EDGetTokenT<edm::View<reco::CaloCluster> > scEndcapProducer_;
  edm::EDGetTokenT<edm::View<reco::CaloCluster> > bcBarrelCollection_;
  edm::EDGetTokenT<edm::View<reco::CaloCluster> > bcEndcapCollection_;
  std::string ConvertedPhotonCollection_;

  edm::ESGetToken<TransientTrackBuilder, TransientTrackRecord> transientTrackBuilder_;
  edm::ESGetToken<TrackerGeometry, TrackerDigiGeometryRecord> trackerGeometry_;
  edm::ESGetToken<MagneticField, IdealMagneticFieldRecord> magneticField_;

  bool allowD0_, allowDeltaPhi_, allowTrackBC_, allowDeltaCot_, allowMinApproach_, allowOppCharge_, allowVertex_;

  bool bypassPreselGsf_, bypassPreselEcal_, bypassPreselEcalEcal_;

  bool usePvtx_;  //if use primary vertices
  edm::EDGetTokenT<reco::VertexCollection> vertexProducer_;
  ConversionVertexFinder vertexFinder_;

  const TransientTrackBuilder* thettbuilder_;

  double deltaEta_;

  double halfWayEta_, halfWayPhi_;  //halfway open angle to search in basic clusters
  unsigned int maxNumOfTrackInPU_;
  double maxTrackZ_;
  double maxTrackRho_;
  double minSCEt_;
  double dEtacutForSCmatching_;
  double dPhicutForSCmatching_;
  double energyBC_;             //1.5GeV for track BC selection
  double energyTotalBC_;        //5GeV for track pair BC selection
  double d0Cut_;                //0 for d0*charge cut
  double dzCut_;                //innerposition of z diff cut
  double dEtaTkBC_, dPhiTkBC_;  //0.06 0.6 for track and BC matching

  double maxChi2Left_, maxChi2Right_;  //5. 5. for track chi2 quality
  double minHitsLeft_, minHitsRight_;  //5 2 for track hits quality

  double deltaCotTheta_, deltaPhi_, minApproachLow_,
      minApproachHigh_;  //0.02 0.2 for track pair open angle and > -0.1 cm

  double r_cut;     //cross_r cut
  double vtxChi2_;  //vertex chi2 probablity cut

  bool allowSingleLeg_;  //if single track conversion ?
  bool rightBC_;         //if right leg requires matching BC?

  void buildCollection(edm::Event& iEvent,
                       const edm::EventSetup& iSetup,
                       const std::multimap<float, edm::Ptr<reco::ConversionTrack> >& allTracks,
                       const std::multimap<double, reco::CaloClusterPtr>& superClusterPtrs,
                       const std::multimap<double, reco::CaloClusterPtr>& basicClusterPtrs,
                       const reco::Vertex& the_pvtx,
                       reco::ConversionCollection& outputConvPhotonCollection);

  //track quality cut, returns pass or no
  inline bool trackQualityFilter(const edm::RefToBase<reco::Track>& ref, bool isLeft);
  inline bool trackD0Cut(const edm::RefToBase<reco::Track>& ref);
  inline bool trackD0Cut(const edm::RefToBase<reco::Track>& ref, const reco::Vertex& the_pvtx);

  //track impact point at ECAL wall, returns validity to access position ew
  bool getTrackImpactPosition(const reco::Track* tk_ref,
                              TrackerGeometry const& trackerGeom,
                              MagneticField const& magField,
                              math::XYZPointF& ew);

  //distance at min approaching point, returns distance
  //      double getMinApproach(const edm::RefToBase<reco::Track>& ll, const edm::RefToBase<reco::Track>& rr,
  //          const MagneticField* magField);

  bool preselectTrackPair(const reco::TransientTrack& ttk_l, const reco::TransientTrack& ttk_r, double& appDist);

  //cut-based selection, TODO remove global cut variables
  bool checkTrackPair(const std::pair<edm::RefToBase<reco::Track>, reco::CaloClusterPtr>& ll,
                      const std::pair<edm::RefToBase<reco::Track>, reco::CaloClusterPtr>& rr);

  //kinematic vertex fitting, return true for valid vertex
  inline bool checkVertex(const reco::TransientTrack& ttk_l,
                          const reco::TransientTrack& ttk_r,
                          MagneticField const& magField,
                          reco::Vertex& the_vertex) {
    return vertexFinder_.run({ttk_l, ttk_r}, the_vertex);
  }

  bool checkPhi(const edm::RefToBase<reco::Track>& tk_l,
                const edm::RefToBase<reco::Track>& tk_r,
                TrackerGeometry const& trackerGeom,
                MagneticField const& magField,
                const reco::Vertex& the_vertex);

  //check the closest BC, returns true for found a BC
  bool getMatchedBC(const std::multimap<double, reco::CaloClusterPtr>& bcMap,
                    const math::XYZPointF& trackImpactPosition,
                    reco::CaloClusterPtr& closestBC);

  // finds the super cluster matching with at least one track in the pair
  bool matchingSC(const std::multimap<double, reco::CaloClusterPtr>& scMap,
                  reco::Conversion& conv,
                  reco::CaloClusterPtrVector& mSC);

  double etaTransformation(float EtaParticle, float Zvertex);

  math::XYZPointF toFConverterP(const math::XYZPoint& val) { return math::XYZPointF(val.x(), val.y(), val.z()); }

  math::XYZVectorF toFConverterV(const math::XYZVector& val) { return math::XYZVectorF(val.x(), val.y(), val.z()); }
};

#include "FWCore/Framework/interface/MakerMacros.h"
DEFINE_FWK_MODULE(ConversionProducer);

inline const GeomDet* recHitDet(const TrackingRecHit& hit, const TrackingGeometry* geom) {
  return geom->idToDet(hit.geographicalId());
}

inline const BoundPlane& recHitSurface(const TrackingRecHit& hit, const TrackingGeometry* geom) {
  return recHitDet(hit, geom)->surface();
}

inline LocalVector toLocal(const reco::Track::Vector& v, const Surface& s) {
  return s.toLocal(GlobalVector(v.x(), v.y(), v.z()));
}

ConversionProducer::ConversionProducer(const edm::ParameterSet& iConfig) : vertexFinder_{iConfig} {
  algoName_ = iConfig.getParameter<std::string>("AlgorithmName");

  src_ = consumes<edm::View<reco::ConversionTrack> >(iConfig.getParameter<edm::InputTag>("src"));

  maxNumOfTrackInPU_ = iConfig.getParameter<int>("maxNumOfTrackInPU");
  maxTrackRho_ = iConfig.getParameter<double>("maxTrackRho");
  maxTrackZ_ = iConfig.getParameter<double>("maxTrackZ");

  allowTrackBC_ = iConfig.getParameter<bool>("AllowTrackBC");
  allowD0_ = iConfig.getParameter<bool>("AllowD0");
  allowDeltaPhi_ = iConfig.getParameter<bool>("AllowDeltaPhi");
  allowDeltaCot_ = iConfig.getParameter<bool>("AllowDeltaCot");
  allowMinApproach_ = iConfig.getParameter<bool>("AllowMinApproach");
  allowOppCharge_ = iConfig.getParameter<bool>("AllowOppCharge");

  allowVertex_ = iConfig.getParameter<bool>("AllowVertex");

  bypassPreselGsf_ = iConfig.getParameter<bool>("bypassPreselGsf");
  bypassPreselEcal_ = iConfig.getParameter<bool>("bypassPreselEcal");
  bypassPreselEcalEcal_ = iConfig.getParameter<bool>("bypassPreselEcalEcal");

  deltaEta_ = iConfig.getParameter<double>("deltaEta");

  halfWayEta_ = iConfig.getParameter<double>("HalfwayEta");  //open angle to search track matches with BC

  d0Cut_ = iConfig.getParameter<double>("d0");

  usePvtx_ = iConfig.getParameter<bool>("UsePvtx");  //if use primary vertices

  vertexProducer_ = consumes<reco::VertexCollection>(iConfig.getParameter<edm::InputTag>("primaryVertexProducer"));

  transientTrackBuilder_ = esConsumes(edm::ESInputTag("", "TransientTrackBuilder"));
  trackerGeometry_ = esConsumes();
  magneticField_ = esConsumes();

  //Track-cluster matching eta and phi cuts
  dEtaTkBC_ = iConfig.getParameter<double>("dEtaTrackBC");  //TODO research on cut endcap/barrel
  dPhiTkBC_ = iConfig.getParameter<double>("dPhiTrackBC");

  bcBarrelCollection_ =
      consumes<edm::View<reco::CaloCluster> >(iConfig.getParameter<edm::InputTag>("bcBarrelCollection"));
  bcEndcapCollection_ =
      consumes<edm::View<reco::CaloCluster> >(iConfig.getParameter<edm::InputTag>("bcEndcapCollection"));

  scBarrelProducer_ = consumes<edm::View<reco::CaloCluster> >(iConfig.getParameter<edm::InputTag>("scBarrelProducer"));
  scEndcapProducer_ = consumes<edm::View<reco::CaloCluster> >(iConfig.getParameter<edm::InputTag>("scEndcapProducer"));

  energyBC_ = iConfig.getParameter<double>("EnergyBC");            //BC energy threshold
  energyTotalBC_ = iConfig.getParameter<double>("EnergyTotalBC");  //BC energy threshold
  minSCEt_ = iConfig.getParameter<double>("minSCEt");              //super cluster energy threshold
  dEtacutForSCmatching_ = iConfig.getParameter<double>(
      "dEtacutForSCmatching");  // dEta between conversion momentum direction and SC position
  dPhicutForSCmatching_ = iConfig.getParameter<double>(
      "dPhicutForSCmatching");  // dPhi between conversion momentum direction and SC position

  //Track cuts on left right track: at least one leg reaches ECAL
  //Left track: must exist, must reach Ecal and match BC, so loose cut on Chi2 and tight on hits
  //Right track: not necessary to exist (if allowSingleLeg_), not necessary to reach ECAL or match BC, so tight cut on Chi2 and loose on hits
  maxChi2Left_ = iConfig.getParameter<double>("MaxChi2Left");
  maxChi2Right_ = iConfig.getParameter<double>("MaxChi2Right");
  minHitsLeft_ = iConfig.getParameter<int>("MinHitsLeft");
  minHitsRight_ = iConfig.getParameter<int>("MinHitsRight");

  //Track Open angle cut on delta cot(theta) and delta phi
  deltaCotTheta_ = iConfig.getParameter<double>("DeltaCotTheta");
  deltaPhi_ = iConfig.getParameter<double>("DeltaPhi");
  minApproachLow_ = iConfig.getParameter<double>("MinApproachLow");
  minApproachHigh_ = iConfig.getParameter<double>("MinApproachHigh");

  // if allow single track collection, by default False
  allowSingleLeg_ = iConfig.getParameter<bool>("AllowSingleLeg");
  rightBC_ = iConfig.getParameter<bool>("AllowRightBC");

  //track inner position dz cut, need RECO
  dzCut_ = iConfig.getParameter<double>("dz");
  //track analytical cross cut
  r_cut = iConfig.getParameter<double>("rCut");
  vtxChi2_ = iConfig.getParameter<double>("vtxChi2");

  thettbuilder_ = nullptr;

  //output
  ConvertedPhotonCollection_ = iConfig.getParameter<std::string>("convertedPhotonCollection");

  produces<reco::ConversionCollection>(ConvertedPhotonCollection_);
}

// ------------ method called to produce the data  ------------
void ConversionProducer::produce(edm::Event& iEvent, const edm::EventSetup& iSetup) {
  using namespace edm;

  reco::ConversionCollection outputConvPhotonCollection;
  auto outputConvPhotonCollection_p = std::make_unique<reco::ConversionCollection>();

  //std::cout << " ConversionProducer::produce " << std::endl;
  //Read multiple track input collections

  edm::Handle<edm::View<reco::ConversionTrack> > trackCollectionHandle;
  iEvent.getByToken(src_, trackCollectionHandle);

  //build map of ConversionTracks ordered in eta
  std::multimap<float, edm::Ptr<reco::ConversionTrack> > convTrackMap;
  for (auto const& t : trackCollectionHandle->ptrs())
    convTrackMap.emplace(t->track()->eta(), t);

  edm::Handle<reco::VertexCollection> vertexHandle;
  reco::VertexCollection vertexCollection;
  if (usePvtx_) {
    iEvent.getByToken(vertexProducer_, vertexHandle);
    if (!vertexHandle.isValid()) {
      edm::LogError("ConversionProducer") << "Error! Can't get the product primary Vertex Collection "
                                          << "\n";
      usePvtx_ = false;
    }
    if (usePvtx_)
      vertexCollection = *(vertexHandle.product());
  }

  thettbuilder_ = &iSetup.getData(transientTrackBuilder_);

  reco::Vertex the_pvtx;
  //because the priamry vertex is sorted by quality, the first one is the best
  if (!vertexCollection.empty())
    the_pvtx = *(vertexCollection.begin());

  if (trackCollectionHandle->size() > maxNumOfTrackInPU_) {
    iEvent.put(std::move(outputConvPhotonCollection_p), ConvertedPhotonCollection_);
    return;
  }

  // build Super and Basic cluster geometry map to search in eta bounds for clusters
  std::multimap<double, reco::CaloClusterPtr> basicClusterPtrs;
  std::multimap<double, reco::CaloClusterPtr> superClusterPtrs;

  buildSuperAndBasicClusterGeoMap(iEvent, basicClusterPtrs, superClusterPtrs);

  buildCollection(iEvent,
                  iSetup,
                  convTrackMap,
                  superClusterPtrs,
                  basicClusterPtrs,
                  the_pvtx,
                  outputConvPhotonCollection);  //allow empty basicClusterPtrs

  outputConvPhotonCollection_p->assign(outputConvPhotonCollection.begin(), outputConvPhotonCollection.end());
  iEvent.put(std::move(outputConvPhotonCollection_p), ConvertedPhotonCollection_);
}

void ConversionProducer::buildSuperAndBasicClusterGeoMap(const edm::Event& iEvent,
                                                         std::multimap<double, reco::CaloClusterPtr>& basicClusterPtrs,
                                                         std::multimap<double, reco::CaloClusterPtr>& superClusterPtrs) {
  // Get the Super Cluster collection in the Barrel
  edm::Handle<edm::View<reco::CaloCluster> > scBarrelHandle;
  iEvent.getByToken(scBarrelProducer_, scBarrelHandle);
  if (!scBarrelHandle.isValid()) {
    edm::LogError("ConvertedPhotonProducer") << "Error! Can't get the barrel superclusters!";
  }

  // Get the Super Cluster collection in the Endcap
  edm::Handle<edm::View<reco::CaloCluster> > scEndcapHandle;
  iEvent.getByToken(scEndcapProducer_, scEndcapHandle);
  if (!scEndcapHandle.isValid()) {
    edm::LogError("ConvertedPhotonProducer") << "Error! Can't get the endcap superclusters!";
  }

  edm::Handle<edm::View<reco::CaloCluster> > bcBarrelHandle;
  edm::Handle<edm::View<reco::CaloCluster> > bcEndcapHandle;  //TODO check cluster type if BasicCluster or PFCluster

  iEvent.getByToken(bcBarrelCollection_, bcBarrelHandle);
  if (!bcBarrelHandle.isValid()) {
    edm::LogError("ConvertedPhotonProducer") << "Error! Can't get the barrel basic clusters!";
  }

  iEvent.getByToken(bcEndcapCollection_, bcEndcapHandle);
  if (!bcEndcapHandle.isValid()) {
    edm::LogError("ConvertedPhotonProducer") << "Error! Can't get the endcap basic clusters!";
  }

  if (bcBarrelHandle.isValid()) {
    for (auto const& handle : {bcBarrelHandle, bcEndcapHandle}) {
      for (auto const& bc : handle->ptrs()) {
        if (bc->energy() > energyBC_)
          basicClusterPtrs.emplace(bc->position().eta(), bc);
      }
    }
  }

  if (scBarrelHandle.isValid()) {
    for (auto const& handle : {scBarrelHandle, scEndcapHandle}) {
      for (auto const& sc : handle->ptrs()) {
        if (sc->energy() > minSCEt_)
          superClusterPtrs.emplace(sc->position().eta(), sc);
      }
    }
  }
}

void ConversionProducer::buildCollection(edm::Event& iEvent,
                                         const edm::EventSetup& iSetup,
                                         const std::multimap<float, edm::Ptr<reco::ConversionTrack> >& allTracks,
                                         const std::multimap<double, reco::CaloClusterPtr>& superClusterPtrs,
                                         const std::multimap<double, reco::CaloClusterPtr>& basicClusterPtrs,
                                         const reco::Vertex& the_pvtx,
                                         reco::ConversionCollection& outputConvPhotonCollection) {
  TrackerGeometry const& trackerGeom = iSetup.getData(trackerGeometry_);
  MagneticField const& magField = iSetup.getData(magneticField_);

  //   std::vector<math::XYZPointF> trackImpactPosition;
  //   trackImpactPosition.reserve(allTracks.size());//track impact position at ECAL
  //   std::vector<bool> trackValidECAL;//Does this track reach ECAL basic cluster (reach ECAL && match with BC)
  //   trackValidECAL.assign(allTracks.size(), false);
  //
  //   std::vector<reco::CaloClusterPtr> trackMatchedBC;
  //   reco::CaloClusterPtr empty_bc;
  //   trackMatchedBC.assign(allTracks.size(), empty_bc);//TODO find a better way to avoid copy constructor
  //
  //   std::vector<int> bcHandleId;//the associated BC handle id, -1 invalid, 0 barrel 1 endcap
  //   bcHandleId.assign(allTracks.size(), -1);

  // not used    std::multimap<double, int> trackInnerEta;//Track innermost state Eta map to TrackRef index, to be used in track pair sorting

  std::map<edm::Ptr<reco::ConversionTrack>, math::XYZPointF> trackImpactPosition;
  std::map<edm::Ptr<reco::ConversionTrack>, reco::CaloClusterPtr> trackMatchedBC;

  ConversionHitChecker hitChecker;

  //2 propagate all tracks into ECAL, record its eta and phi

  for (auto const& tk_ref : allTracks) {
    const reco::Track* tk = tk_ref.second->trackRef().get();

    //check impact position then match with BC
    math::XYZPointF ew;
    if (getTrackImpactPosition(tk, trackerGeom, magField, ew)) {
      trackImpactPosition[tk_ref.second] = ew;

      reco::CaloClusterPtr closest_bc;  //the closest matching BC to track

      if (getMatchedBC(basicClusterPtrs, ew, closest_bc)) {
        trackMatchedBC[tk_ref.second] = closest_bc;
      }
    }
  }

  //3. pair up tracks:
  //TODO it is k-Closest pair of point problem
  //std::cout << " allTracks.size() " <<  allTracks.size() << std::endl;
  for (auto ll = allTracks.begin(); ll != allTracks.end(); ++ll) {
    bool track1HighPurity = true;
    //std::cout << " Loop on allTracks " << std::endl;
    const edm::RefToBase<reco::Track>& left = ll->second->trackRef();

    //TODO: This is a workaround, should be fixed with a proper function in the TTBuilder
    //(Note that the TrackRef and GsfTrackRef versions of the constructor are needed
    // to properly get refit tracks in the output vertex)
    reco::TransientTrack ttk_l;
    if (dynamic_cast<const reco::GsfTrack*>(left.get())) {
      ttk_l = thettbuilder_->build(left.castTo<reco::GsfTrackRef>());
    } else {
      ttk_l = thettbuilder_->build(left.castTo<reco::TrackRef>());
    }

    //      if ((allowTrackBC_ && !trackValidECAL[ll-allTracks.begin()]) )//this Left leg should have valid BC
    // continue;

    if (the_pvtx.isValid()) {
      if (!(trackD0Cut(left, the_pvtx)))
        track1HighPurity = false;
    } else {
      if (!(trackD0Cut(left)))
        track1HighPurity = false;
    }

    std::vector<int> right_candidates;  //store all right legs passed the cut (theta/approach and ref pair)
    std::vector<double> right_candidate_theta, right_candidate_approach;
    std::vector<std::pair<bool, reco::Vertex> > vertex_candidates;

    //inner loop only over tracks between eta and eta + deltaEta of the first track
    float etasearch = ll->first + deltaEta_;
    std::multimap<float, edm::Ptr<reco::ConversionTrack> >::const_iterator rr = ll;
    ++rr;
    for (; rr != allTracks.lower_bound(etasearch); ++rr) {
      bool track2HighPurity = true;
      bool highPurityPair = true;

      const edm::RefToBase<reco::Track>& right = rr->second->trackRef();

      //TODO: This is a workaround, should be fixed with a proper function in the TTBuilder
      reco::TransientTrack ttk_r;
      if (dynamic_cast<const reco::GsfTrack*>(right.get())) {
        ttk_r = thettbuilder_->build(right.castTo<reco::GsfTrackRef>());
      } else {
        ttk_r = thettbuilder_->build(right.castTo<reco::TrackRef>());
      }
      //std::cout << " This track is " <<  right->algoName() << std::endl;

      //all vertexing preselection should go here

      //check for opposite charge
      if (allowOppCharge_ && (left->charge() * right->charge() > 0))
        continue;  //same sign, reject pair

      //if ( (allowTrackBC_ && !trackValidECAL[rr-allTracks.begin()] && rightBC_) )// if right track matches ECAL
      //  continue;

      double approachDist = -999.;
      //apply preselection to track pair, overriding preselection for gsf+X or ecalseeded+X pairs if so configured
      bool preselected = preselectTrackPair(ttk_l, ttk_r, approachDist);
      preselected = preselected || (bypassPreselGsf_ &&
                                    (left->algo() == reco::TrackBase::gsf || right->algo() == reco::TrackBase::gsf));
      preselected = preselected || (bypassPreselEcal_ && (left->algo() == reco::TrackBase::outInEcalSeededConv ||
                                                          right->algo() == reco::TrackBase::outInEcalSeededConv ||
                                                          left->algo() == reco::TrackBase::inOutEcalSeededConv ||
                                                          right->algo() == reco::TrackBase::inOutEcalSeededConv));
      preselected = preselected || (bypassPreselEcalEcal_ &&
                                    (left->algo() == reco::TrackBase::outInEcalSeededConv ||
                                     left->algo() == reco::TrackBase::inOutEcalSeededConv) &&
                                    (right->algo() == reco::TrackBase::outInEcalSeededConv ||
                                     right->algo() == reco::TrackBase::inOutEcalSeededConv));

      if (!preselected) {
        continue;
      }

      //do the actual vertex fit
      reco::Vertex theConversionVertex;  //by default it is invalid
      bool goodVertex = checkVertex(ttk_l, ttk_r, magField, theConversionVertex);

      //bail as early as possible in case the fit didn't return a good vertex
      if (!goodVertex) {
        continue;
      }

      //track pair pass the quality cut
      if (!((trackQualityFilter(left, true) && trackQualityFilter(right, false)) ||
            (trackQualityFilter(left, false) && trackQualityFilter(right, true)))) {
        highPurityPair = false;
      }

      if (the_pvtx.isValid()) {
        if (!(trackD0Cut(right, the_pvtx)))
          track2HighPurity = false;
      } else {
        if (!(trackD0Cut(right)))
          track2HighPurity = false;
      }

      //if all cuts passed, go ahead to make conversion candidates
      std::vector<edm::RefToBase<reco::Track> > trackPairRef;
      trackPairRef.push_back(left);   //left track
      trackPairRef.push_back(right);  //right track

      std::vector<math::XYZVectorF> trackPin;
      std::vector<math::XYZVectorF> trackPout;
      std::vector<math::XYZPointF> trackInnPos;
      std::vector<uint8_t> nHitsBeforeVtx;
      std::vector<Measurement1DFloat> dlClosestHitToVtx;

      if (left->extra().isNonnull() && right->extra().isNonnull()) {  //only available on TrackExtra
        trackInnPos.push_back(toFConverterP(left->innerPosition()));
        trackInnPos.push_back(toFConverterP(right->innerPosition()));
        trackPin.push_back(toFConverterV(left->innerMomentum()));
        trackPin.push_back(toFConverterV(right->innerMomentum()));
        trackPout.push_back(toFConverterV(left->outerMomentum()));
        trackPout.push_back(toFConverterV(right->outerMomentum()));
        auto leftWrongHits = hitChecker.nHitsBeforeVtx(*left->extra(), theConversionVertex);
        auto rightWrongHits = hitChecker.nHitsBeforeVtx(*right->extra(), theConversionVertex);
        nHitsBeforeVtx.push_back(leftWrongHits.first);
        nHitsBeforeVtx.push_back(rightWrongHits.first);
        dlClosestHitToVtx.push_back(leftWrongHits.second);
        dlClosestHitToVtx.push_back(rightWrongHits.second);
      }

      uint8_t nSharedHits = hitChecker.nSharedHits(*left.get(), *right.get());

      //if using kinematic fit, check with chi2 post cut
      if (theConversionVertex.isValid()) {
        const float chi2Prob = ChiSquaredProbability(theConversionVertex.chi2(), theConversionVertex.ndof());
        if (chi2Prob < vtxChi2_)
          highPurityPair = false;
      }

      //std::cout << "  highPurityPair after vertex cut " <<  highPurityPair << std::endl;
      std::vector<math::XYZPointF> trkPositionAtEcal;
      std::vector<reco::CaloClusterPtr> matchingBC;

      if (allowTrackBC_) {  //TODO find out the BC ptrs if not doing matching, otherwise, leave it empty
        //const int lbc_handle = bcHandleId[ll-allTracks.begin()],
        //        rbc_handle = bcHandleId[rr-allTracks.begin()];

        std::map<edm::Ptr<reco::ConversionTrack>, math::XYZPointF>::const_iterator trackImpactPositionLeft =
            trackImpactPosition.find(ll->second);
        std::map<edm::Ptr<reco::ConversionTrack>, math::XYZPointF>::const_iterator trackImpactPositionRight =
            trackImpactPosition.find(rr->second);
        std::map<edm::Ptr<reco::ConversionTrack>, reco::CaloClusterPtr>::const_iterator trackMatchedBCLeft =
            trackMatchedBC.find(ll->second);
        std::map<edm::Ptr<reco::ConversionTrack>, reco::CaloClusterPtr>::const_iterator trackMatchedBCRight =
            trackMatchedBC.find(rr->second);

        if (trackImpactPositionLeft != trackImpactPosition.end()) {
          trkPositionAtEcal.push_back(trackImpactPositionLeft->second);  //left track
        } else {
          trkPositionAtEcal.push_back(math::XYZPointF());  //left track
        }
        if (trackImpactPositionRight != trackImpactPosition.end()) {  //second track ECAL position may be invalid
          trkPositionAtEcal.push_back(trackImpactPositionRight->second);
        }

        double total_e_bc = 0.;
        if (trackMatchedBCLeft != trackMatchedBC.end()) {
          matchingBC.push_back(trackMatchedBCLeft->second);  //left track
          total_e_bc += trackMatchedBCLeft->second->energy();
        } else {
          matchingBC.push_back(reco::CaloClusterPtr());  //left track
        }
        if (trackMatchedBCRight != trackMatchedBC.end()) {  //second track ECAL position may be invalid
          matchingBC.push_back(trackMatchedBCRight->second);
          total_e_bc += trackMatchedBCRight->second->energy();
        }

        if (total_e_bc < energyTotalBC_) {
          highPurityPair = false;
        }
      }
      //signature cuts, then check if vertex, then post-selection cuts
      highPurityPair = highPurityPair && track1HighPurity && track2HighPurity && goodVertex &&
                       checkPhi(left, right, trackerGeom, magField, theConversionVertex);

      /*
        for ( std::vector<edm::RefToBase<reco::Track> >::iterator iTk=trackPairRef.begin();  iTk!=trackPairRef.end(); iTk++) {
        math::XYZPointF impPos;
        if ( getTrackImpactPosition(*iTk, trackerGeom, magField, impPos) ) {
           
        }

        }
      */

      const float minAppDist = approachDist;
      reco::Conversion::ConversionAlgorithm algo = reco::Conversion::algoByName(algoName_);
      float dummy = 0;
      reco::CaloClusterPtrVector scPtrVec;
      reco::Conversion newCandidate(scPtrVec,
                                    trackPairRef,
                                    trkPositionAtEcal,
                                    theConversionVertex,
                                    matchingBC,
                                    minAppDist,
                                    trackInnPos,
                                    trackPin,
                                    trackPout,
                                    nHitsBeforeVtx,
                                    dlClosestHitToVtx,
                                    nSharedHits,
                                    dummy,
                                    algo);
      // Fill in scPtrVec with the macthing SC
      if (matchingSC(superClusterPtrs, newCandidate, scPtrVec))
        newCandidate.setMatchingSuperCluster(scPtrVec);

      newCandidate.setQuality(reco::Conversion::highPurity, highPurityPair);
      bool generalTracksOnly = ll->second->isTrackerOnly() && rr->second->isTrackerOnly() &&
                               !dynamic_cast<const reco::GsfTrack*>(ll->second->trackRef().get()) &&
                               !dynamic_cast<const reco::GsfTrack*>(rr->second->trackRef().get());
      bool gsfTracksOpenOnly = ll->second->isGsfTrackOpen() && rr->second->isGsfTrackOpen();
      bool arbitratedEcalSeeded = ll->second->isArbitratedEcalSeeded() && rr->second->isArbitratedEcalSeeded();
      bool arbitratedMerged = ll->second->isArbitratedMerged() && rr->second->isArbitratedMerged();
      bool arbitratedMergedEcalGeneral =
          ll->second->isArbitratedMergedEcalGeneral() && rr->second->isArbitratedMergedEcalGeneral();

      newCandidate.setQuality(reco::Conversion::generalTracksOnly, generalTracksOnly);
      newCandidate.setQuality(reco::Conversion::gsfTracksOpenOnly, gsfTracksOpenOnly);
      newCandidate.setQuality(reco::Conversion::arbitratedEcalSeeded, arbitratedEcalSeeded);
      newCandidate.setQuality(reco::Conversion::arbitratedMerged, arbitratedMerged);
      newCandidate.setQuality(reco::Conversion::arbitratedMergedEcalGeneral, arbitratedMergedEcalGeneral);

      outputConvPhotonCollection.push_back(newCandidate);
    }
  }
}

//
// member functions
//

inline bool ConversionProducer::trackQualityFilter(const edm::RefToBase<reco::Track>& ref, bool isLeft) {
  bool pass = true;
  if (isLeft) {
    pass = (ref->normalizedChi2() < maxChi2Left_ && ref->found() >= minHitsLeft_);
  } else {
    pass = (ref->normalizedChi2() < maxChi2Right_ && ref->found() >= minHitsRight_);
  }

  return pass;
}

inline bool ConversionProducer::trackD0Cut(const edm::RefToBase<reco::Track>& ref) {
  //NOTE if not allow d0 cut, always true
  return ((!allowD0_) || !(ref->d0() * ref->charge() / ref->d0Error() < d0Cut_));
}

inline bool ConversionProducer::trackD0Cut(const edm::RefToBase<reco::Track>& ref, const reco::Vertex& the_pvtx) {
  //
  return ((!allowD0_) || !(-ref->dxy(the_pvtx.position()) * ref->charge() / ref->dxyError() < d0Cut_));
}

bool ConversionProducer::getTrackImpactPosition(const reco::Track* tk_ref,
                                                TrackerGeometry const& trackerGeom,
                                                MagneticField const& magField,
                                                math::XYZPointF& ew) {
  PropagatorWithMaterial propag(alongMomentum, 0.000511, &magField);

  ReferenceCountingPointer<Surface> ecalWall(new BoundCylinder(
      129.f, GlobalPoint(0., 0., 0.), TkRotation<float>(), new SimpleCylinderBounds(129, 129, -320.5, 320.5)));
  constexpr float epsilon = 0.001;
  Surface::RotationType rot;  // unit rotation matrix
  constexpr float barrelRadius = 129.f;
  constexpr float barrelHalfLength = 270.9f;
  constexpr float endcapRadius = 171.1f;
  constexpr float endcapZ = 320.5f;
  ReferenceCountingPointer<BoundCylinder> theBarrel_(new BoundCylinder(
      barrelRadius,
      Surface::PositionType(0, 0, 0),
      rot,
      new SimpleCylinderBounds(barrelRadius - epsilon, barrelRadius + epsilon, -barrelHalfLength, barrelHalfLength)));
  ReferenceCountingPointer<BoundDisk> theNegativeEtaEndcap_(new BoundDisk(
      Surface::PositionType(0, 0, -endcapZ), rot, new SimpleDiskBounds(0, endcapRadius, -epsilon, epsilon)));
  ReferenceCountingPointer<BoundDisk> thePositiveEtaEndcap_(new BoundDisk(
      Surface::PositionType(0, 0, endcapZ), rot, new SimpleDiskBounds(0, endcapRadius, -epsilon, epsilon)));

  //const TrajectoryStateOnSurface myTSOS = trajectoryStateTransform::innerStateOnSurface(*(*ref), *trackerGeom, magField);
  const auto myTSOS = trajectoryStateTransform::outerStateOnSurface(*tk_ref, trackerGeom, &magField);
  TrajectoryStateOnSurface stateAtECAL;
  stateAtECAL = propag.propagate(myTSOS, *theBarrel_);
  if (!stateAtECAL.isValid() || (stateAtECAL.isValid() && fabs(stateAtECAL.globalPosition().eta()) > 1.479f)) {
    //endcap propagator
    if (myTSOS.globalPosition().z() > 0.) {
      stateAtECAL = propag.propagate(myTSOS, *thePositiveEtaEndcap_);
    } else {
      stateAtECAL = propag.propagate(myTSOS, *theNegativeEtaEndcap_);
    }
  }
  if (stateAtECAL.isValid()) {
    ew = stateAtECAL.globalPosition();
    return true;
  } else
    return false;
}

bool ConversionProducer::matchingSC(const std::multimap<double, reco::CaloClusterPtr>& scMap,
                                    reco::Conversion& aConv,
                                    // reco::CaloClusterPtr& mSC){
                                    reco::CaloClusterPtrVector& mSC) {
  //  double dRMin=999.;
  double detaMin = 999.;
  double dphiMin = 999.;
  reco::CaloClusterPtr match;
  for (std::multimap<double, reco::CaloClusterPtr>::const_iterator scItr = scMap.begin(); scItr != scMap.end();
       scItr++) {
    const reco::CaloClusterPtr& sc = scItr->second;
    const double delta_phi = reco::deltaPhi(aConv.refittedPairMomentum().phi(), sc->phi());
    double sceta = sc->eta();
    double conveta = etaTransformation(aConv.refittedPairMomentum().eta(), aConv.zOfPrimaryVertexFromTracks());
    const double delta_eta = fabs(conveta - sceta);
    if (fabs(delta_eta) < fabs(detaMin) && fabs(delta_phi) < fabs(dphiMin)) {
      detaMin = fabs(delta_eta);
      dphiMin = fabs(delta_phi);
      match = sc;
    }
  }

  if (fabs(detaMin) < dEtacutForSCmatching_ && fabs(dphiMin) < dPhicutForSCmatching_) {
    mSC.push_back(match);
    return true;
  } else
    return false;
}

bool ConversionProducer::getMatchedBC(const std::multimap<double, reco::CaloClusterPtr>& bcMap,
                                      const math::XYZPointF& trackImpactPosition,
                                      reco::CaloClusterPtr& closestBC) {
  const double track_eta = trackImpactPosition.eta();
  const double track_phi = trackImpactPosition.phi();

  double min_eta = 999., min_phi = 999.;
  reco::CaloClusterPtr closest_bc;
  for (std::multimap<double, reco::CaloClusterPtr>::const_iterator bc = bcMap.lower_bound(track_eta - halfWayEta_);
       bc != bcMap.upper_bound(track_eta + halfWayEta_);
       ++bc) {  //use eta map to select possible BC collection then loop in
    const reco::CaloClusterPtr& ebc = bc->second;
    const double delta_eta = track_eta - (ebc->position().eta());
    const double delta_phi = reco::deltaPhi(track_phi, (ebc->position().phi()));
    if (fabs(delta_eta) < dEtaTkBC_ && fabs(delta_phi) < dPhiTkBC_) {
      if (fabs(min_eta) > fabs(delta_eta) && fabs(min_phi) > fabs(delta_phi)) {  //take the closest to track BC
        min_eta = delta_eta;
        min_phi = delta_phi;
        closest_bc = bc->second;
        //TODO check if min_eta>delta_eta but min_phi<delta_phi
      }
    }
  }

  if (min_eta < 999.) {
    closestBC = closest_bc;
    return true;
  } else
    return false;
}

//check track open angle of phi at vertex
bool ConversionProducer::checkPhi(const edm::RefToBase<reco::Track>& tk_l,
                                  const edm::RefToBase<reco::Track>& tk_r,
                                  TrackerGeometry const& trackerGeom,
                                  MagneticField const& magField,
                                  const reco::Vertex& vtx) {
  if (!allowDeltaPhi_)
    return true;
  //if track has innermost momentum, check with innermost phi
  //if track also has valid vertex, propagate to vertex then calculate phi there
  //if track has no innermost momentum, just return true, because track->phi() makes no sense
  if (tk_l->extra().isNonnull() && tk_r->extra().isNonnull()) {
    double iphi1 = tk_l->innerMomentum().phi(), iphi2 = tk_r->innerMomentum().phi();
    if (vtx.isValid()) {
      PropagatorWithMaterial propag(anyDirection, 0.000511, &magField);

      double recoPhoR = vtx.position().Rho();
      Surface::RotationType rot;
      ReferenceCountingPointer<BoundCylinder> theBarrel_(new BoundCylinder(
          recoPhoR,
          Surface::PositionType(0, 0, 0),
          rot,
          new SimpleCylinderBounds(
              recoPhoR - 0.001, recoPhoR + 0.001, -fabs(vtx.position().z()), fabs(vtx.position().z()))));
      ReferenceCountingPointer<BoundDisk> theDisk_(new BoundDisk(
          Surface::PositionType(0, 0, vtx.position().z()), rot, new SimpleDiskBounds(0, recoPhoR, -0.001, 0.001)));

      const auto myTSOS1 = trajectoryStateTransform::innerStateOnSurface(*tk_l, trackerGeom, &magField);
      const auto myTSOS2 = trajectoryStateTransform::innerStateOnSurface(*tk_r, trackerGeom, &magField);
      TrajectoryStateOnSurface stateAtVtx1, stateAtVtx2;
      stateAtVtx1 = propag.propagate(myTSOS1, *theBarrel_);
      if (!stateAtVtx1.isValid()) {
        stateAtVtx1 = propag.propagate(myTSOS1, *theDisk_);
      }
      if (stateAtVtx1.isValid()) {
        iphi1 = stateAtVtx1.globalDirection().phi();
      }
      stateAtVtx2 = propag.propagate(myTSOS2, *theBarrel_);
      if (!stateAtVtx2.isValid()) {
        stateAtVtx2 = propag.propagate(myTSOS2, *theDisk_);
      }
      if (stateAtVtx2.isValid()) {
        iphi2 = stateAtVtx2.globalDirection().phi();
      }
    }
    const double dPhi = reco::deltaPhi(iphi1, iphi2);
    return (fabs(dPhi) < deltaPhi_);
  } else {
    return true;
  }
}

bool ConversionProducer::preselectTrackPair(const reco::TransientTrack& ttk_l,
                                            const reco::TransientTrack& ttk_r,
                                            double& appDist) {
  double dCotTheta = 1. / tan(ttk_l.track().innerMomentum().theta()) - 1. / tan(ttk_r.track().innerMomentum().theta());
  if (allowDeltaCot_ && (std::abs(dCotTheta) > deltaCotTheta_)) {
    return false;
  }

  //non-conversion hypothesis, reject prompt track pairs
  ClosestApproachInRPhi closest;
  closest.calculate(ttk_l.innermostMeasurementState(), ttk_r.innermostMeasurementState());
  if (!closest.status()) {
    return false;
  }

  if (closest.crossingPoint().perp() < r_cut) {
    return false;
  }

  //compute tangent point btw tracks (conversion hypothesis)
  TangentApproachInRPhi tangent;
  tangent.calculate(ttk_l.innermostMeasurementState(), ttk_r.innermostMeasurementState());
  if (!tangent.status()) {
    return false;
  }

  GlobalPoint tangentPoint = tangent.crossingPoint();
  double rho = tangentPoint.perp();

  //reject candidates well outside of tracker bounds
  if (rho > maxTrackRho_) {
    return false;
  }

  if (std::abs(tangentPoint.z()) > maxTrackZ_) {
    return false;
  }

  std::pair<GlobalTrajectoryParameters, GlobalTrajectoryParameters> trajs = tangent.trajectoryParameters();

  //very large separation in z, no hope
  if (std::abs(trajs.first.position().z() - trajs.second.position().z()) > dzCut_) {
    return false;
  }

  float minApproach = tangent.perpdist();
  appDist = minApproach;

  if (allowMinApproach_ && (minApproach < minApproachLow_ || minApproach > minApproachHigh_)) {
    return false;
  }

  return true;
}

bool ConversionProducer::checkTrackPair(const std::pair<edm::RefToBase<reco::Track>, reco::CaloClusterPtr>& ll,
                                        const std::pair<edm::RefToBase<reco::Track>, reco::CaloClusterPtr>& rr) {
  const reco::CaloClusterPtr& bc_l = ll.second;  //can be null, so check isNonnull()
  const reco::CaloClusterPtr& bc_r = rr.second;

  //The cuts should be ordered by considering if takes time and if cuts off many fakes
  if (allowTrackBC_) {
    //check energy of BC
    double total_e_bc = 0;
    if (bc_l.isNonnull())
      total_e_bc += bc_l->energy();
    if (rightBC_)
      if (bc_r.isNonnull())
        total_e_bc += bc_r->energy();

    if (total_e_bc < energyTotalBC_)
      return false;
  }

  return true;
}

double ConversionProducer::etaTransformation(float EtaParticle, float Zvertex) {
  //---Definitions
  const float PI = 3.1415927;

  //---Definitions for ECAL
  const float R_ECAL = 136.5;
  const float Z_Endcap = 328.0;
  const float etaBarrelEndcap = 1.479;

  //---ETA correction

  float Theta = 0.0;
  float ZEcal = R_ECAL * sinh(EtaParticle) + Zvertex;

  if (ZEcal != 0.0)
    Theta = atan(R_ECAL / ZEcal);
  if (Theta < 0.0)
    Theta = Theta + PI;
  double ETA = -log(tan(0.5 * Theta));

  if (fabs(ETA) > etaBarrelEndcap) {
    float Zend = Z_Endcap;
    if (EtaParticle < 0.0)
      Zend = -Zend;
    float Zlen = Zend - Zvertex;
    float RR = Zlen / sinh(EtaParticle);
    Theta = atan(RR / Zend);
    if (Theta < 0.0)
      Theta = Theta + PI;
    ETA = -log(tan(0.5 * Theta));
  }
  //---Return the result
  return ETA;
  //---end
}