Implementation of Bremsstrahlung from e+/e- in the tracker layers. More...

Inheritance diagram for fastsim::Bremsstrahlung:

Public Member Functions
	Bremsstrahlung (const std::string &name, const edm::ParameterSet &cfg)
	Constructor. More...

void	interact (Particle &particle, const SimplifiedGeometry &layer, std::vector< std::unique_ptr< Particle > > &secondaries, const RandomEngineAndDistribution &random) override
	Perform the interaction. More...

	~Bremsstrahlung () override
	Default destructor. More...

Public Member Functions inherited from fastsim::InteractionModel
const std::string	getName ()
	Return (unique) name of this interaction. More...

	InteractionModel (std::string name)
	Constructor. More...

virtual void	registerProducts (edm::ProducesCollector) const
	In case interaction produces and stores content in the event (e.g. TrackerSimHits). More...

virtual void	storeProducts (edm::Event &iEvent)
	In case interaction produces and stores content in the event (e.g. TrackerSimHits). More...

virtual	~InteractionModel ()
	Default destructor. More...

Private Member Functions
math::XYZTLorentzVector	brem (Particle &particle, double xmin, const RandomEngineAndDistribution &random) const
	Compute Brem photon energy and angles, if any. More...

double	gbteth (const double ener, const double partm, const double efrac, const RandomEngineAndDistribution &random) const
	A universal angular distribution. More...

Private Attributes
double	minPhotonEnergy_
	Cut on minimum energy of bremsstrahlung photons. More...

double	minPhotonEnergyFraction_
	Cut on minimum fraction of particle's energy which has to be carried by photon. More...

double	Z_
	Atomic number of material (usually silicon Z=14) More...

Detailed Description

Implementation of Bremsstrahlung from e+/e- in the tracker layers.

Computes the number, energy and angles of Bremsstrahlung photons emitted by electrons and positrons and modifies e+/e- particle accordingly.

Definition at line 33 of file Bremsstrahlung.cc.

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ Bremsstrahlung()

fastsim::Bremsstrahlung::Bremsstrahlung	(	const std::string &	name,
		const edm::ParameterSet &	cfg
	)

Constructor.

Definition at line 82 of file Bremsstrahlung.cc.

     : fastsim::InteractionModel(name) {
   // Set the minimal photon energy for a Brem from e+/-
   minPhotonEnergy_ = cfg.getParameter<double>("minPhotonEnergy");
   minPhotonEnergyFraction_ = cfg.getParameter<double>("minPhotonEnergyFraction");
   // Material properties
   Z_ = cfg.getParameter<double>("Z");
 }

References looper::cfg, minPhotonEnergy_, minPhotonEnergyFraction_, and Z_.

◆ ~Bremsstrahlung()

fastsim::Bremsstrahlung::~Bremsstrahlung ( )

inlineoverride

Default destructor.

Definition at line 39 of file Bremsstrahlung.cc.

39 { ; };

Member Function Documentation

◆ brem()

math::XYZTLorentzVector fastsim::Bremsstrahlung::brem	(	fastsim::Particle &	particle,
		double	xmin,
		const RandomEngineAndDistribution &	random
	)		const

private

Compute Brem photon energy and angles, if any.

Parameters

particle	The particle that interacts with the matter.
xmin	Minimum fraction of the particle's energy that has to be converted to a photon.
random	The Random Engine.

Returns: Momentum 4-vector of a bremsstrahlung photon.

Definition at line 161 of file Bremsstrahlung.cc.

                                                                                                        {
   double xp = 0;
   double weight = 0.;
  
   do {
     xp = xmin * std::exp(-std::log(xmin) * random.flatShoot());
     weight = 1. - xp + 3. / 4. * xp * xp;
   } while (weight < random.flatShoot());
  
   // Have photon energy. Now generate angles with respect to the z axis
   // defined by the incoming particle's momentum.
  
   // Isotropic in phi
   const double phi = random.flatShoot() * 2. * M_PI;
   // theta from universal distribution
   const double theta = gbteth(particle.momentum().E(), fastsim::Constants::eMass, xp, random) *
                        fastsim::Constants::eMass / particle.momentum().E();
  
   // Make momentum components
   double stheta = std::sin(theta);
   double ctheta = std::cos(theta);
   double sphi = std::sin(phi);
   double cphi = std::cos(phi);
  
   return xp * particle.momentum().E() * math::XYZTLorentzVector(stheta * cphi, stheta * sphi, ctheta, 1.);
 }

References funct::cos(), fastsim::Constants::eMass, JetChargeProducer_cfi::exp, RandomEngineAndDistribution::flatShoot(), dqm-mbProfile::log, M_PI, fastsim::Particle::momentum(), funct::sin(), theta(), and TrackerOfflineValidation_Dqm_cff::xmin.

◆ gbteth()

double fastsim::Bremsstrahlung::gbteth	(	const double	ener,
		const double	partm,
		const double	efrac,
		const RandomEngineAndDistribution &	random
	)		const

private

A universal angular distribution.

Parameters

ener
partm
efrac
random	The Random Engine.

Returns: Theta from universal distribution

Definition at line 190 of file Bremsstrahlung.cc.

                                                                                         {
   // Details on implementation here
   // http://www.dnp.fmph.uniba.sk/cernlib/asdoc/geant_html3/node299.html#GBTETH
   // http://svn.cern.ch/guest/AliRoot/tags/v3-07-03/GEANT321/gphys/gbteth.F
  
   const double alfa = 0.625;
  
   const double d = 0.13 * (0.8 + 1.3 / Z_) * (100.0 + (1.0 / ener)) * (1.0 + efrac);
   const double w1 = 9.0 / (9.0 + d);
   const double umax = ener * M_PI / partm;
   double u;
  
   do {
     double beta = (random.flatShoot() <= w1) ? alfa : 3.0 * alfa;
     u = -std::log(random.flatShoot() * random.flatShoot()) / beta;
   } while (u >= umax);
  
   return u;
 }

References zMuMuMuonUserData::beta, ztail::d, RandomEngineAndDistribution::flatShoot(), dqm-mbProfile::log, and M_PI.

◆ interact()

void fastsim::Bremsstrahlung::interact	(	fastsim::Particle &	particle,
		const SimplifiedGeometry &	layer,
		std::vector< std::unique_ptr< Particle > > &	secondaries,
		const RandomEngineAndDistribution &	random
	)

overridevirtual

Perform the interaction.

Parameters

particle	The particle that interacts with the matter.
layer	The detector layer that interacts with the particle.
secondaries	Particles that are produced in the interaction (if any).
random	The Random Engine.

Implements fastsim::InteractionModel.

Definition at line 91 of file Bremsstrahlung.cc.

                                                                                   {
   // only consider electrons and positrons
   if (std::abs(particle.pdgId()) != 11) {
     return;
   }
  
   double radLengths = layer.getThickness(particle.position(), particle.momentum());
   //
   // no material
   //
   if (radLengths < 1E-10) {
     return;
   }
  
   // Protection : Just stop the electron if more than 1 radiation lengths.
   // This case corresponds to an electron entering the layer parallel to
   // the layer axis - no reliable simulation can be done in that case...
   if (radLengths > 4.) {
     particle.momentum().SetXYZT(0., 0., 0., 0.);
     return;
   }
  
   // electron must have more energy than minimum photon energy
   if (particle.momentum().E() - particle.momentum().mass() < minPhotonEnergy_) {
     return;
   }
  
   // Hard brem probability with a photon Energy above threshold.
   double xmin = std::max(minPhotonEnergy_ / particle.momentum().E(), minPhotonEnergyFraction_);
   if (xmin >= 1. || xmin <= 0.) {
     return;
   }
  
   // probability to radiate a photon
   double bremProba =
       radLengths * (4. / 3. * std::log(1. / xmin) - 4. / 3. * (1. - xmin) + 1. / 2. * (1. - xmin * xmin));
  
   // Number of photons to be radiated.
   unsigned int nPhotons = random.poissonShoot(bremProba);
   if (nPhotons == 0) {
     return;
   }
  
   // Needed to rotate photons to the lab frame
   double theta = particle.momentum().Theta();
   double phi = particle.momentum().Phi();
  
   // Calculate energy of these photons and add them to the event
   for (unsigned int i = 0; i < nPhotons; ++i) {
     // Throw momentum of the photon
     math::XYZTLorentzVector photonMom = brem(particle, xmin, random);
  
     // Check that there is enough energy left.
     if (particle.momentum().E() - particle.momentum().mass() < photonMom.E())
       break;
  
     // Rotate to the lab frame
     photonMom = ROOT::Math::RotationZ(phi) * (ROOT::Math::RotationY(theta) * photonMom);
  
     // Add a photon
     secondaries.emplace_back(new fastsim::Particle(22, particle.position(), photonMom));
  
     // Update the original e+/-
     particle.momentum() -= photonMom;
   }
 }