CSCAnodeLCTProcessor.cc

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#include "L1Trigger/CSCTriggerPrimitives/interface/CSCAnodeLCTProcessor.h"
#include <set>

//-----------------
// Static variables
//-----------------

/* This is the pattern envelope, which is used to define the collision
   patterns A and B.
   pattern_envelope[0][i]=layer;
   pattern_envelope[1+MEposition][i]=key_wire offset. */
const int CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::pattern_envelope[CSCConstants::NUM_ALCT_PATTERNS][CSCConstants::MAX_WIRES_IN_PATTERN] = {
  //Layer
  { 0,  0,  0,
        1,  1,
            2,
            3,  3,
            4,  4,  4,
            5,  5,  5},

  //Keywire offset for ME1 and ME2
  {-2, -1,  0,
       -1,  0,
            0,
            0,  1,
            0,  1,  2,
            0,  1,  2},

  //Keywire offset for ME3 and ME4
  {2,  1,  0,
       1,  0,
           0,
           0, -1,
           0, -1, -2,
           0, -1, -2}
};

// Since the test beams in 2003, both collision patterns are "completely
// open".  This is our current default.
const int CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::pattern_mask_open[CSCConstants::NUM_ALCT_PATTERNS][CSCConstants::MAX_WIRES_IN_PATTERN] = {
  // Accelerator pattern
  {0,  0,  1,
       0,  1,
           1,
           1,  0,
           1,  0,  0,
           1,  0,  0},

  // Collision pattern A
  {1,  1,  1,
       1,  1,
           1,
           1,  1,
           1,  1,  1,
           1,  1,  1},

  // Collision pattern B
  {1,  1,  1,
       1,  1,
           1,
           1,  1,
           1,  1,  1,
           1,  1,  1}
};

// Special option for narrow pattern for ring 1 stations
const int CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::pattern_mask_r1[CSCConstants::NUM_ALCT_PATTERNS][CSCConstants::MAX_WIRES_IN_PATTERN] = {
  // Accelerator pattern
  {0,  0,  1,
       0,  1,
           1,
           1,  0,
           1,  0,  0,
           1,  0,  0},

  // Collision pattern A
  {0,  1,  1,
       1,  1,
           1,
           1,  0,
           1,  1,  0,
           1,  1,  0},

  // Collision pattern B
  {0,  1,  1,
       1,  1,
           1,
           1,  0,
           1,  1,  0,
           1,  1,  0}
};



// Default values of configuration parameters.
const unsigned int CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::def_fifo_tbins   = 16;
const unsigned int CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::def_fifo_pretrig = 10;
const unsigned int CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::def_drift_delay  =  2;
const unsigned int CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::def_nplanes_hit_pretrig =  2;
const unsigned int CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::def_nplanes_hit_pattern =  4;
const unsigned int CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::def_nplanes_hit_accel_pretrig =  2;
const unsigned int CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::def_nplanes_hit_accel_pattern =  4;
const unsigned int CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::def_trig_mode        =  2;  // 3?
const unsigned int CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::def_accel_mode       =  0;  // 1?
const unsigned int CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::def_l1a_window_width =  7;  // 5?

//----------------
// Constructors --
//----------------

CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::CSCAnodeLCTProcessor(unsigned endcap, unsigned station,
                                           unsigned sector, unsigned subsector,
                                           unsigned chamber,
                                           const edm::ParameterSet& conf) :
  CSCBaseboard(endcap, station, sector, subsector, chamber, conf)
{
  static std::atomic<bool> config_dumped{false};

  // ALCT configuration parameters.
  fifo_tbins   = alctParams_.getParameter<unsigned int>("alctFifoTbins");
  fifo_pretrig = alctParams_.getParameter<unsigned int>("alctFifoPretrig");
  drift_delay  = alctParams_.getParameter<unsigned int>("alctDriftDelay");
  nplanes_hit_pretrig =
    alctParams_.getParameter<unsigned int>("alctNplanesHitPretrig");
  nplanes_hit_pattern =
    alctParams_.getParameter<unsigned int>("alctNplanesHitPattern");
  nplanes_hit_accel_pretrig =
    alctParams_.getParameter<unsigned int>("alctNplanesHitAccelPretrig");
  nplanes_hit_accel_pattern =
    alctParams_.getParameter<unsigned int>("alctNplanesHitAccelPattern");
  trig_mode        = alctParams_.getParameter<unsigned int>("alctTrigMode");
  accel_mode       = alctParams_.getParameter<unsigned int>("alctAccelMode");
  l1a_window_width = alctParams_.getParameter<unsigned int>("alctL1aWindowWidth");

  hit_persist  = alctParams_.getParameter<unsigned int>("alctHitPersist");

  // Verbosity level, set to 0 (no print) by default.
  infoV        = alctParams_.getParameter<int>("verbosity");

  // separate handle for early time bins
  early_tbins = alctParams_.getParameter<int>("alctEarlyTbins");
  if (early_tbins<0) early_tbins  = fifo_pretrig - CSCConstants::ALCT_EMUL_TIME_OFFSET;

  // delta BX time depth for ghostCancellationLogic
  ghost_cancellation_bx_depth = alctParams_.getParameter<int>("alctGhostCancellationBxDepth");

  // whether to consider ALCT candidates' qualities while doing ghostCancellationLogic on +-1 wire groups
  ghost_cancellation_side_quality = alctParams_.getParameter<bool>("alctGhostCancellationSideQuality");

  // deadtime clocks after pretrigger (extra in addition to drift_delay)
  pretrig_extra_deadtime = alctParams_.getParameter<unsigned int>("alctPretrigDeadtime");

  // whether to use narrow pattern mask for the rings close to the beam
  narrow_mask_r1 = alctParams_.getParameter<bool>("alctNarrowMaskForR1");

  // Check and print configuration parameters.
  checkConfigParameters();
  if ((infoV > 0 || (isSLHC_)) && !config_dumped) {
    //std::cout<<"**** ALCT constructor parameters dump ****"<<std::endl;
    dumpConfigParams();
    config_dumped = true;
  }

  numWireGroups = 0;  // Will be set later.
  MESelection   = (theStation < 3) ? 0 : 1;

  // whether to calculate bx as corrected_bx instead of pretrigger one
  use_corrected_bx = false;
  if (isSLHC_) {
    use_corrected_bx = alctParams_.getParameter<bool>("alctUseCorrectedBx");
  }

  // Load appropriate pattern mask.
  loadPatternMask();
}

CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::CSCAnodeLCTProcessor() :
  CSCBaseboard()
{
  // Used for debugging. -JM
  static std::atomic<bool> config_dumped{false};

  // ALCT parameters.
  setDefaultConfigParameters();
  infoV = 2;

  early_tbins = 4;

  // Check and print configuration parameters.
  checkConfigParameters();
  if (!config_dumped) {
    //std::cout<<"**** ALCT default constructor parameters dump ****"<<std::endl;
    dumpConfigParams();
    config_dumped = true;
  }

  numWireGroups = CSCConstants::MAX_NUM_WIRES;
  MESelection   = (theStation < 3) ? 0 : 1;

  // Load pattern mask.
  loadPatternMask();
}


void CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::loadPatternMask()
{
  // Load appropriate pattern mask.
  for (int i_patt = 0; i_patt < CSCConstants::NUM_ALCT_PATTERNS; i_patt++) {
    for (int i_wire = 0; i_wire < CSCConstants::MAX_WIRES_IN_PATTERN; i_wire++) {
      pattern_mask[i_patt][i_wire] = pattern_mask_open[i_patt][i_wire];
      if (narrow_mask_r1 && (theRing == 1 || theRing == 4))
        pattern_mask[i_patt][i_wire] = pattern_mask_r1[i_patt][i_wire];
    }
  }
}


void CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::setDefaultConfigParameters()
{
  // Set default values for configuration parameters.
  fifo_tbins   = def_fifo_tbins;
  fifo_pretrig = def_fifo_pretrig;
  drift_delay  = def_drift_delay;
  nplanes_hit_pretrig = def_nplanes_hit_pretrig;
  nplanes_hit_pattern = def_nplanes_hit_pattern;
  nplanes_hit_accel_pretrig = def_nplanes_hit_accel_pretrig;
  nplanes_hit_accel_pattern = def_nplanes_hit_accel_pattern;
  trig_mode        = def_trig_mode;
  accel_mode       = def_accel_mode;
  l1a_window_width = def_l1a_window_width;
}

// Set configuration parameters obtained via EventSetup mechanism.
void CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::setConfigParameters(const CSCDBL1TPParameters* conf)
{
  static std::atomic<bool> config_dumped{false};

  fifo_tbins   = conf->alctFifoTbins();
  fifo_pretrig = conf->alctFifoPretrig();
  drift_delay  = conf->alctDriftDelay();
  nplanes_hit_pretrig = conf->alctNplanesHitPretrig();
  nplanes_hit_pattern = conf->alctNplanesHitPattern();
  nplanes_hit_accel_pretrig = conf->alctNplanesHitAccelPretrig();
  nplanes_hit_accel_pattern = conf->alctNplanesHitAccelPattern();
  trig_mode        = conf->alctTrigMode();
  accel_mode       = conf->alctAccelMode();
  l1a_window_width = conf->alctL1aWindowWidth();

  // Check and print configuration parameters.
  checkConfigParameters();
  if (!config_dumped) {
    //std::cout<<"**** ALCT setConfigParam parameters dump ****"<<std::endl;
    dumpConfigParams();
    config_dumped = true;
  }
}

void CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::checkConfigParameters()
{
  // Make sure that the parameter values are within the allowed range.

  // Max expected values.
  static const unsigned int max_fifo_tbins   = 1 << 5;
  static const unsigned int max_fifo_pretrig = 1 << 5;
  static const unsigned int max_drift_delay  = 1 << 2;
  static const unsigned int max_nplanes_hit_pretrig = 1 << 3;
  static const unsigned int max_nplanes_hit_pattern = 1 << 3;
  static const unsigned int max_nplanes_hit_accel_pretrig = 1 << 3;
  static const unsigned int max_nplanes_hit_accel_pattern = 1 << 3;
  static const unsigned int max_trig_mode        = 1 << 2;
  static const unsigned int max_accel_mode       = 1 << 2;
  static const unsigned int max_l1a_window_width = CSCConstants::MAX_ALCT_TBINS; // 4 bits

  // Checks.
  if (fifo_tbins >= max_fifo_tbins) {
    if (infoV >= 0) edm::LogError("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor|ConfigError")
      << "+++ Value of fifo_tbins, " << fifo_tbins
      << ", exceeds max allowed, " << max_fifo_tbins-1 << " +++\n"
      << "+++ Try to proceed with the default value, fifo_tbins="
      << def_fifo_tbins << " +++\n";
    fifo_tbins = def_fifo_tbins;
  }
  if (fifo_pretrig >= max_fifo_pretrig) {
    if (infoV >= 0) edm::LogError("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor|ConfigError")
      << "+++ Value of fifo_pretrig, " << fifo_pretrig
      << ", exceeds max allowed, " << max_fifo_pretrig-1 << " +++\n"
      << "+++ Try to proceed with the default value, fifo_pretrig="
      << def_fifo_pretrig << " +++\n";
    fifo_pretrig = def_fifo_pretrig;
  }
  if (drift_delay >= max_drift_delay) {
    if (infoV >= 0) edm::LogError("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor|ConfigError")
      << "+++ Value of drift_delay, " << drift_delay
      << ", exceeds max allowed, " << max_drift_delay-1 << " +++\n"
      << "+++ Try to proceed with the default value, drift_delay="
      << def_drift_delay << " +++\n";
    drift_delay = def_drift_delay;
  }
  if (nplanes_hit_pretrig >= max_nplanes_hit_pretrig) {
    if (infoV >= 0) edm::LogError("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor|ConfigError")
      << "+++ Value of nplanes_hit_pretrig, " << nplanes_hit_pretrig
      << ", exceeds max allowed, " << max_nplanes_hit_pretrig-1 << " +++\n"
      << "+++ Try to proceed with the default value, nplanes_hit_pretrig="
      << nplanes_hit_pretrig << " +++\n";
    nplanes_hit_pretrig = def_nplanes_hit_pretrig;
  }
  if (nplanes_hit_pattern >= max_nplanes_hit_pattern) {
    if (infoV >= 0) edm::LogError("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor|ConfigError")
      << "+++ Value of nplanes_hit_pattern, " << nplanes_hit_pattern
      << ", exceeds max allowed, " << max_nplanes_hit_pattern-1 << " +++\n"
      << "+++ Try to proceed with the default value, nplanes_hit_pattern="
      << nplanes_hit_pattern << " +++\n";
    nplanes_hit_pattern = def_nplanes_hit_pattern;
  }
  if (nplanes_hit_accel_pretrig >= max_nplanes_hit_accel_pretrig) {
    if (infoV >= 0) edm::LogError("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor|ConfigError")
      << "+++ Value of nplanes_hit_accel_pretrig, "
      << nplanes_hit_accel_pretrig << ", exceeds max allowed, "
      << max_nplanes_hit_accel_pretrig-1 << " +++\n"
      << "+++ Try to proceed with the default value, "
      << "nplanes_hit_accel_pretrig=" << nplanes_hit_accel_pretrig << " +++\n";
    nplanes_hit_accel_pretrig = def_nplanes_hit_accel_pretrig;
  }
  if (nplanes_hit_accel_pattern >= max_nplanes_hit_accel_pattern) {
    if (infoV >= 0) edm::LogError("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor|ConfigError")
      << "+++ Value of nplanes_hit_accel_pattern, "
      << nplanes_hit_accel_pattern << ", exceeds max allowed, "
      << max_nplanes_hit_accel_pattern-1 << " +++\n"
      << "+++ Try to proceed with the default value, "
      << "nplanes_hit_accel_pattern=" << nplanes_hit_accel_pattern << " +++\n";
    nplanes_hit_accel_pattern = def_nplanes_hit_accel_pattern;
  }
  if (trig_mode >= max_trig_mode) {
    if (infoV >= 0) edm::LogError("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor|ConfigError")
      << "+++ Value of trig_mode, " << trig_mode
      << ", exceeds max allowed, " << max_trig_mode-1 << " +++\n"
      << "+++ Try to proceed with the default value, trig_mode="
      << trig_mode << " +++\n";
    trig_mode = def_trig_mode;
  }
  if (accel_mode >= max_accel_mode) {
    if (infoV >= 0) edm::LogError("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor|ConfigError")
      << "+++ Value of accel_mode, " << accel_mode
      << ", exceeds max allowed, " << max_accel_mode-1 << " +++\n"
      << "+++ Try to proceed with the default value, accel_mode="
      << accel_mode << " +++\n";
    accel_mode = def_accel_mode;
  }
  if (l1a_window_width >= max_l1a_window_width) {
    if (infoV >= 0) edm::LogError("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor|ConfigError")
      << "+++ Value of l1a_window_width, " << l1a_window_width
      << ", exceeds max allowed, " << max_l1a_window_width-1 << " +++\n"
      << "+++ Try to proceed with the default value, l1a_window_width="
      << l1a_window_width << " +++\n";
    l1a_window_width = def_l1a_window_width;
  }
}

void CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::clear()
{
  for (int bx = 0; bx < CSCConstants::MAX_ALCT_TBINS; bx++) {
    bestALCT[bx].clear();
    secondALCT[bx].clear();
  }
  lct_list.clear();
}

void CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::clear(const int wire, const int pattern)
{
  /* Clear the data off of selected pattern */
  if (pattern == 0) quality[wire][0] = -999;
  else {
    quality[wire][1] = -999;
    quality[wire][2] = -999;
  }
}

std::vector<CSCALCTDigi>
CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::run(const CSCWireDigiCollection* wiredc)
{
  static std::atomic<bool> config_dumped{false};
  if ((infoV > 0 || (isSLHC_)) && !config_dumped) {
    //std::cout<<"**** ALCT run parameters dump ****"<<std::endl;
    dumpConfigParams();
    config_dumped = true;
  }


  // Get the number of wire groups for the given chamber.  Do it only once
  // per chamber.
  if (numWireGroups == 0) {
    if (cscChamber_) {
      numWireGroups = cscChamber_->layer(1)->geometry()->numberOfWireGroups();
      if (numWireGroups > CSCConstants::MAX_NUM_WIRES) {
        if (infoV >= 0) edm::LogError("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor|SetupError")
          << "+++ Number of wire groups, " << numWireGroups
          << " found in " << theCSCName_
          << " (sector " << theSector << " subsector " << theSubsector
          << " trig id. " << theTrigChamber << ")"
          << " exceeds max expected, " << CSCConstants::MAX_NUM_WIRES
          << " +++\n"
          << "+++ CSC geometry looks garbled; no emulation possible +++\n";
        numWireGroups = -1;
      }
    }
    else {
      if (infoV >= 0) edm::LogError("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor|SetupError")
        << "+++ " << theCSCName_
        << " (sector " << theSector << " subsector " << theSubsector
        << " trig id. " << theTrigChamber << ")"
        << " is not defined in current geometry! +++\n"
        << "+++ CSC geometry looks garbled; no emulation possible +++\n";
      numWireGroups = -1;
    }
  }

  if (numWireGroups < 0) {
    if (infoV >= 0) edm::LogError("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor|SetupError")
      << "+++ " << theCSCName_
      << " (sector " << theSector << " subsector " << theSubsector
      << " trig id. " << theTrigChamber << "):"
      << " numWireGroups = " << numWireGroups
      << "; ALCT emulation skipped! +++";
    std::vector<CSCALCTDigi> emptyV;
    return emptyV;
  }

  // Get wire digis in this chamber from wire digi collection.
  bool noDigis = getDigis(wiredc);

  if (!noDigis) {
    // First get wire times from the wire digis.
    std::vector<int>
      wire[CSCConstants::NUM_LAYERS][CSCConstants::MAX_NUM_WIRES];
    readWireDigis(wire);

    // Pass an array of wire times on to another run() doing the LCT search.
    // If the number of layers containing digis is smaller than that
    // required to trigger, quit right away.
    const unsigned int min_layers =
      (nplanes_hit_accel_pattern == 0) ?
        nplanes_hit_pattern :
        ((nplanes_hit_pattern <= nplanes_hit_accel_pattern) ?
           nplanes_hit_pattern :
           nplanes_hit_accel_pattern
        );

    unsigned int layersHit = 0;
    for (int i_layer = 0; i_layer < CSCConstants::NUM_LAYERS; i_layer++) {
      for (int i_wire = 0; i_wire < numWireGroups; i_wire++) {
        if (!wire[i_layer][i_wire].empty()) {layersHit++; break;}
      }
    }
    if (layersHit >= min_layers) run(wire);
  }

  // Return vector of all found ALCTs.
  return getALCTs();
}

void CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::run(const std::vector<int> wire[CSCConstants::NUM_LAYERS][CSCConstants::MAX_NUM_WIRES])
{

  bool trigger = false;

  // Check if there are any in-time hits and do the pulse extension.
  bool chamber_empty = pulseExtension(wire);

  // Only do the rest of the processing if chamber is not empty.
  // Stop drift_delay bx's short of fifo_tbins since at later bx's we will
  // not have a full set of hits to start pattern search anyway.
  unsigned int stop_bx = fifo_tbins - drift_delay;
  if (!chamber_empty) {
    for (int i_wire = 0; i_wire < numWireGroups; i_wire++) {
      unsigned int start_bx = 0;
      // Allow for more than one pass over the hits in the time window.
      while (start_bx < stop_bx) {
        if (preTrigger(i_wire, start_bx)) {
          if (infoV > 2) showPatterns(i_wire);
          if (patternDetection(i_wire)) {
            trigger = true;
            int ghost_cleared[2] = {0, 0};
            ghostCancellationLogicOneWire(i_wire, ghost_cleared);
     
            int bx = (use_corrected_bx) ? first_bx_corrected[i_wire]:first_bx[i_wire];
            if (bx >= CSCConstants::MAX_ALCT_TBINS)  
               edm::LogError("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor") <<" bx of valid trigger : "<< bx <<" > max allowed value "<<  CSCConstants::MAX_ALCT_TBINS;

            //acceloration mode
            if (quality[i_wire][0] > 0 and bx <  CSCConstants::MAX_ALCT_TBINS){
               int valid = (ghost_cleared[0] == 0) ? 1 : 0;//cancelled, valid=0, otherwise it is 1
               lct_list.push_back(CSCALCTDigi(valid, quality[i_wire][0], 1, 0, i_wire, bx));
               if (infoV > 1)   LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor") 
                                  <<"Add one ALCT to list "<< lct_list.back(); 
               }

            //collision mode
            if (quality[i_wire][1] > 0 and bx <  CSCConstants::MAX_ALCT_TBINS){
               int valid = (ghost_cleared[1] == 0) ? 1 : 0;//cancelled, valid=0, otherwise it is 1
               lct_list.push_back(CSCALCTDigi(valid, quality[i_wire][1], 0, quality[i_wire][2], i_wire, bx));
               if (infoV > 1)   LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor") 
                                  <<"Add one ALCT to list "<< lct_list.back(); 
            }
                  
            //break;
            // Assume that the earliest time when another pre-trigger can
            // occur in case pattern detection failed is bx_pretrigger+4:
            // this seems to match the data.
            start_bx = first_bx[i_wire] + drift_delay + pretrig_extra_deadtime;
          }
          else {
            //only pretrigger, no trigger ==> no dead time, continue to find next pretrigger
            start_bx = first_bx[i_wire] + 1;
          }
        }
        else {//no pretrigger, skip this wiregroup
          break;
        }
      }// end of while
   
    }
  }

  // Do the rest only if there is at least one trigger candidate.
  if (trigger) {
    //ghostCancellationLogic();
    lctSearch();
  }
}

bool CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::getDigis(const CSCWireDigiCollection* wiredc)
{
  // Routine for getting digis and filling digiV vector.
  bool noDigis = true;

  // Loop over layers and save wire digis on each one into digiV[layer].
  for (int i_layer = 0; i_layer < CSCConstants::NUM_LAYERS; i_layer++) {
    digiV[i_layer].clear();

    CSCDetId detid(theEndcap, theStation, theRing, theChamber, i_layer+1);
    getDigis(wiredc, detid);

    // If this is ME1/1, fetch digis in corresponding ME1/A (ring=4) as well.
    if (isME11_ && !disableME1a_) {
      CSCDetId detid_me1a(theEndcap, theStation, 4, theChamber, i_layer+1);
      getDigis(wiredc, detid_me1a);
    }

    if (!digiV[i_layer].empty()) {
      noDigis = false;
      if (infoV > 1) {
        LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
          << "found " << digiV[i_layer].size()
          << " wire digi(s) in layer " << i_layer << " of " << theCSCName_
          << " (trig. sector " << theSector
          << " subsector " << theSubsector << " id " << theTrigChamber << ")";
        for (const auto& wd : digiV[i_layer]) {
          LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor") << "   " << wd;
        }
      }
    }
  }

  return noDigis;
}

void CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::getDigis(const CSCWireDigiCollection* wiredc,
                                    const CSCDetId& id)
{
  CSCWireDigiCollection::Range rwired = wiredc->get(id);
  for (CSCWireDigiCollection::const_iterator digiIt = rwired.first;
       digiIt != rwired.second; ++digiIt) {
    digiV[id.layer()-1].push_back(*digiIt);
  }
}

void CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::readWireDigis(std::vector<int> wire[CSCConstants::NUM_LAYERS][CSCConstants::MAX_NUM_WIRES])
{
  // Loop over all 6 layers.
  for (int i_layer = 0; i_layer < CSCConstants::NUM_LAYERS; i_layer++) {
    // Loop over all digis in the layer and find the wireGroup and bx
    // time for each.
    for (const auto& wd : digiV[i_layer]) {
      int i_wire  = wd.getWireGroup()-1;
      std::vector<int> bx_times = wd.getTimeBinsOn();

      // Check that the wires and times are appropriate.
      if (i_wire < 0 || i_wire >= numWireGroups) {
        if (infoV >= 0) edm::LogWarning("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor|WrongInput")
          << "+++ Found wire digi with wrong wire number = " << i_wire
          << " (max wires = " << numWireGroups << "); skipping it... +++\n";
        continue;
      }
      // Accept digis in expected time window.  Total number of time
      // bins in DAQ readout is given by fifo_tbins, which thus
      // determines the maximum length of time interval.  Anode raw
      // hits in DAQ readout start (fifo_pretrig - 6) clocks before
      // L1Accept.  If times earlier than L1Accept were recorded, we
      // use them since they can modify the ALCTs found later, via
      // ghost-cancellation logic.
      int last_time = -999;
      if (bx_times.size() == fifo_tbins) {
        wire[i_layer][i_wire].push_back(0);
        wire[i_layer][i_wire].push_back(6);
      }
      else {
        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < bx_times.size(); i++) {
          // Find rising edge change
          if (i > 0 && bx_times[i] == (bx_times[i-1]+1)) continue;
          if (bx_times[i] < static_cast<int>(fifo_tbins)) {
            if (infoV > 2) LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
                             << "Digi on layer " << i_layer << " wire " << i_wire
                             << " at time " << bx_times[i];

            // Finally save times of hit wires.  One shot module will
            // not restart if a new pulse comes before the expiration
            // of the 6-bx period.
            if (last_time < 0 || ((bx_times[i]-last_time) >= 6) ) {
              wire[i_layer][i_wire].push_back(bx_times[i]);
              last_time = bx_times[i];
            }
          }
          else {
            if (infoV > 1) LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
                             << "+++ Skipping wire digi: wire = " << i_wire
                             << " layer = " << i_layer << ", bx = " << bx_times[i] << " +++";
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

bool CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::pulseExtension(const std::vector<int> wire[CSCConstants::NUM_LAYERS][CSCConstants::MAX_NUM_WIRES])
{
  bool chamber_empty = true;
  int i_wire, i_layer, digi_num;
  const unsigned int bits_in_pulse = 8*sizeof(pulse[0][0]);

  for (i_wire = 0; i_wire < numWireGroups; i_wire++) {
    for (i_layer = 0; i_layer < CSCConstants::NUM_LAYERS; i_layer++) {
      pulse[i_layer][i_wire] = 0;
    }
    first_bx[i_wire] = -999;
    first_bx_corrected[i_wire] = -999;
    for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) quality[i_wire][j] = -999;
  }

  for (i_layer = 0; i_layer < CSCConstants::NUM_LAYERS; i_layer++){
    digi_num = 0;
    for (i_wire = 0; i_wire < numWireGroups; i_wire++) {
      if (!wire[i_layer][i_wire].empty()) {
        std::vector<int> bx_times = wire[i_layer][i_wire];
        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < bx_times.size(); i++) {
          // Check that min and max times are within the allowed range.
          if (bx_times[i] < 0 || bx_times[i] + hit_persist >= bits_in_pulse) {
            if (infoV > 0) edm::LogWarning("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor|OutOfTimeDigi")
              << "+++ BX time of wire digi (wire = " << i_wire
              << " layer = " << i_layer << ") bx = " << bx_times[i]
              << " is not within the range (0-" << bits_in_pulse
              << "] allowed for pulse extension.  Skip this digi! +++\n";
            continue;
          }

          // Found at least one in-time digi; set chamber_empty to false
          if (chamber_empty) chamber_empty = false;

          // make the pulse
          for (unsigned int bx = bx_times[i];
               bx < (bx_times[i] + hit_persist); bx++)
          pulse[i_layer][i_wire] = pulse[i_layer][i_wire] | (1 << bx);

          // Debug information.
          if (infoV > 1) {
            LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
              << "Wire digi: layer " << i_layer
              << " digi #" << ++digi_num << " wire group " << i_wire
              << " time " << bx_times[i];
            if (infoV > 2) {
              std::ostringstream strstrm;
              for (int i = 1; i <= 32; i++) {
                strstrm << ((pulse[i_layer][i_wire]>>(32-i)) & 1);
              }
              LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor") << "  Pulse: " << strstrm.str();
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }

  if (infoV > 1 && !chamber_empty) {
    dumpDigis(wire);
  }

  return chamber_empty;
}

bool CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::preTrigger(const int key_wire, const int start_bx)
{
  unsigned int layers_hit;
  bool hit_layer[CSCConstants::NUM_LAYERS];
  int this_layer, this_wire;
  // If nplanes_hit_accel_pretrig is 0, the firmware uses the value
  // of nplanes_hit_pretrig instead.
  const unsigned int nplanes_hit_pretrig_acc =
    (nplanes_hit_accel_pretrig != 0) ? nplanes_hit_accel_pretrig :
    nplanes_hit_pretrig;
  const unsigned int pretrig_thresh[CSCConstants::NUM_ALCT_PATTERNS] = {
    nplanes_hit_pretrig_acc, nplanes_hit_pretrig, nplanes_hit_pretrig
  };

  // Loop over bx times, accelerator and collision patterns to
  // look for pretrigger.
  // Stop drift_delay bx's short of fifo_tbins since at later bx's we will
  // not have a full set of hits to start pattern search anyway.
  unsigned int stop_bx = fifo_tbins - drift_delay;
  for (unsigned int bx_time = start_bx; bx_time < stop_bx; bx_time++) {
    for (int i_pattern = 0; i_pattern < CSCConstants::NUM_ALCT_PATTERNS; i_pattern++) {
      for (int i_layer = 0; i_layer < CSCConstants::NUM_LAYERS; i_layer++)
        hit_layer[i_layer] = false;
      layers_hit = 0;

      for (int i_wire = 0; i_wire < CSCConstants::MAX_WIRES_IN_PATTERN; i_wire++){
        if (pattern_mask[i_pattern][i_wire] != 0){
          this_layer = pattern_envelope[0][i_wire];
          this_wire  = pattern_envelope[1+MESelection][i_wire]+key_wire;
          if ((this_wire >= 0) && (this_wire < numWireGroups)){
            // Perform bit operation to see if pulse is 1 at a certain bx_time.
            if (((pulse[this_layer][this_wire] >> bx_time) & 1) == 1) {
              // Store number of layers hit.
              if (hit_layer[this_layer] == false){
                hit_layer[this_layer] = true;
                layers_hit++;
              }

              // See if number of layers hit is greater than or equal to
              // pretrig_thresh.
              if (layers_hit >= pretrig_thresh[i_pattern]) {
                first_bx[key_wire] = bx_time;
                if (infoV > 1) {
                  LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
                    << "Pretrigger was satisfied for wire: " << key_wire
                    << " pattern: " << i_pattern
                    << " bx_time: " << bx_time;
                }
                return true;
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
  // If the pretrigger was never satisfied, then return false.
  return false;
}

bool CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::patternDetection(const int key_wire)
{
  bool trigger = false;
  bool hit_layer[CSCConstants::NUM_LAYERS];
  unsigned int temp_quality;
  int this_layer, this_wire, delta_wire;
  // If nplanes_hit_accel_pattern is 0, the firmware uses the value
  // of nplanes_hit_pattern instead.
  const unsigned int nplanes_hit_pattern_acc =
    (nplanes_hit_accel_pattern != 0) ? nplanes_hit_accel_pattern :
    nplanes_hit_pattern;
  const unsigned int pattern_thresh[CSCConstants::NUM_ALCT_PATTERNS] = {
    nplanes_hit_pattern_acc, nplanes_hit_pattern, nplanes_hit_pattern
  };
  const std::string ptn_label[] = {"Accelerator", "CollisionA", "CollisionB"};

  for (int i_pattern = 0; i_pattern < CSCConstants::NUM_ALCT_PATTERNS; i_pattern++){
    temp_quality = 0;
    for (int i_layer = 0; i_layer < CSCConstants::NUM_LAYERS; i_layer++)
      hit_layer[i_layer] = false;

    double num_pattern_hits=0., times_sum=0.;
    std::multiset<int> mset_for_median;
    mset_for_median.clear();

    for (int i_wire = 0; i_wire < CSCConstants::MAX_WIRES_IN_PATTERN; i_wire++){
      if (pattern_mask[i_pattern][i_wire] != 0){
        this_layer = pattern_envelope[0][i_wire];
        delta_wire = pattern_envelope[1+MESelection][i_wire];
        this_wire  = delta_wire + key_wire;
        if ((this_wire >= 0) && (this_wire < numWireGroups)){

          // Wait a drift_delay time later and look for layers hit in
          // the pattern.
          if ( ( (pulse[this_layer][this_wire] >>
                 (first_bx[key_wire] + drift_delay)) & 1) == 1) {

            // If layer has never had a hit before, then increment number
            // of layer hits.
            if (hit_layer[this_layer] == false){
              temp_quality++;
              // keep track of which layers already had hits.
              hit_layer[this_layer] = true;
              if (infoV > 1)
                LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
                  << "bx_time: " << first_bx[key_wire]
                  << " pattern: " << i_pattern << " keywire: " << key_wire
                  << " layer: "     << this_layer
                  << " quality: "   << temp_quality;
            }

            // for averaged time use only the closest WGs around the key WG
            if (abs(delta_wire)<2) {
              // find at what bx did pulse on this wire&layer start
              // use hit_pesrist constraint on how far back we can go
              int first_bx_layer = first_bx[key_wire] + drift_delay;
              for (unsigned int dbx=0; dbx<hit_persist; dbx++) {
                if (((pulse[this_layer][this_wire] >> (first_bx_layer-1)) & 1) == 1) first_bx_layer--;
                else break;
              }
              times_sum += (double)first_bx_layer;
              num_pattern_hits += 1.;
              mset_for_median.insert(first_bx_layer);
              if (infoV > 2)
                LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
                  <<" 1st bx in layer: "<<first_bx_layer
                  <<" sum bx: "<<times_sum
                  <<" #pat. hits: "<<num_pattern_hits;
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }

    // calculate median
    const int sz = mset_for_median.size();
    if (sz > 0) {
      std::multiset<int>::iterator im = mset_for_median.begin();
      if (sz > 1) std::advance(im,sz/2-1);
      if (sz == 1) first_bx_corrected[key_wire] = *im;
      else if ((sz % 2) == 1) first_bx_corrected[key_wire] = *(++im);
      else first_bx_corrected[key_wire] = ((*im) + (*(++im)))/2;

#if defined(EDM_ML_DEBUG)
      if (infoV > 1) {
        auto lt = LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor") <<"bx="<<first_bx[key_wire]<<" bx_cor="<< first_bx_corrected[key_wire]<<"  bxset=";
        for (im = mset_for_median.begin(); im != mset_for_median.end(); im++) {
          lt<<" "<<*im;
        }
      }
#endif
    }

    if (temp_quality >= pattern_thresh[i_pattern]) {
      trigger = true;

      // Quality definition changed on 22 June 2007: it no longer depends
      // on pattern_thresh.
      temp_quality = getTempALCTQuality(temp_quality);

      if (i_pattern == 0) {
        // Accelerator pattern
        quality[key_wire][0] = temp_quality;
      }
      else {
        // Only one collision pattern (of the best quality) is reported
        if (static_cast<int>(temp_quality) > quality[key_wire][1]) {
          quality[key_wire][1] = temp_quality;//real quality
          quality[key_wire][2] = i_pattern-1; // pattern, left or right 
        }
      }
      if (infoV > 1) {
        LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
          << "Pattern found; keywire: "  << key_wire
          << " type: " << ptn_label[i_pattern]
          << " quality: " << temp_quality << "\n";
      }
    }
  }
  if (infoV > 1 && quality[key_wire][1] > 0) {
    if (quality[key_wire][2] == 0)
      LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
        << "Collision Pattern A is chosen" << "\n";
    else if (quality[key_wire][2] == 1)
      LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
        << "Collision Pattern B is chosen" << "\n";
  }

  trigMode(key_wire);


  return trigger;
}


void CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::ghostCancellationLogic()
{
  int ghost_cleared[CSCConstants::MAX_NUM_WIRES][2];

  for (int key_wire = 0; key_wire < numWireGroups; key_wire++) {
    for (int i_pattern = 0; i_pattern < 2; i_pattern++) {
      ghost_cleared[key_wire][i_pattern] = 0;

      // Non-empty wire group.
      int qual_this = quality[key_wire][i_pattern];
      if (qual_this > 0) {

        // Previous wire.
        int qual_prev = (key_wire > 0) ? quality[key_wire-1][i_pattern] : 0;
        if (qual_prev > 0) {
          int dt = first_bx[key_wire] - first_bx[key_wire-1];
          // Cancel this wire
          //   1) If the candidate at the previous wire is at the same bx
          //      clock and has better quality (or equal quality - this has
          //      been implemented only in 2004).
          //   2) If the candidate at the previous wire is up to 4 clocks
          //      earlier, regardless of quality.
          if (dt == 0) {
            if (qual_prev >= qual_this) ghost_cleared[key_wire][i_pattern] = 1;
          }
          else if (dt > 0 && dt <= ghost_cancellation_bx_depth ) {
            if ((!ghost_cancellation_side_quality) ||
                (qual_prev > qual_this) )
              ghost_cleared[key_wire][i_pattern] = 1;
          }
        }

        // Next wire.
        // Skip this step if this wire is already declared "ghost".
        if (ghost_cleared[key_wire][i_pattern] == 1) {
          if (infoV > 1) LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
            << ((i_pattern == 0) ? "Accelerator" : "Collision")
            << " pattern ghost cancelled on key_wire " << key_wire <<" q="<<qual_this
            << "  by wire " << key_wire-1<<" q="<<qual_prev;
          continue;
        }

        int qual_next =
          (key_wire < numWireGroups-1) ? quality[key_wire+1][i_pattern] : 0;
        if (qual_next > 0) {
          int dt = first_bx[key_wire] - first_bx[key_wire+1];
          // Same cancellation logic as for the previous wire.
          if (dt == 0) {
            if (qual_next > qual_this) ghost_cleared[key_wire][i_pattern] = 1;
          }
          else if (dt > 0 && dt <= ghost_cancellation_bx_depth ) {
            if ((!ghost_cancellation_side_quality) ||
                (qual_next >= qual_this) )
              ghost_cleared[key_wire][i_pattern] = 1;
          }
        }
        if (ghost_cleared[key_wire][i_pattern] == 1) {
          if (infoV > 1) LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
            << ((i_pattern == 0) ? "Accelerator" : "Collision")
            << " pattern ghost cancelled on key_wire " << key_wire <<" q="<<qual_this
            << "  by wire " << key_wire+1<<" q="<<qual_next;
          continue;
        }
      }
    }
  }

  // All cancellation is done in parallel, so wiregroups do not know what
  // their neighbors are cancelling.
  // namely, if wiregroup 10, 11, 12 all have trigger and same quality, only wiregroup 10 can keep the trigger
  for (int key_wire = 0; key_wire < numWireGroups; key_wire++) {
    for (int i_pattern = 0; i_pattern < 2; i_pattern++) {
      if (ghost_cleared[key_wire][i_pattern] > 0) {
        clear(key_wire, i_pattern);
      }
    }
  }
}




void  CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::ghostCancellationLogicOneWire(const int key_wire, int *ghost_cleared){
    

  //int ghost_cleared[2];

    for (int i_pattern = 0; i_pattern < 2; i_pattern++) {
      ghost_cleared[i_pattern] = 0;
      if (key_wire == 0) continue;//ignore

      // Non-empty wire group.
      int qual_this = quality[key_wire][i_pattern];
      if (qual_this > 0) {

        // Previous wire.
        //int qual_prev = (key_wire > 0) ? quality[key_wire-1][i_pattern] : 0;
        //previous ALCTs were pushed to lct_list, stop use the array quality[key_wire-1][i_pattern]
        for (auto& p : lct_list){
          //ignore whether ALCT is valid or not in ghost cancellation
          //if wiregroup 10, 11, 12 all have trigger and same quality, only wiregroup 10 can keep the trigger
          //this met with firmware 
          if (not (p.getKeyWG() == key_wire -1 and 1-p.getAccelerator() == i_pattern)) continue;
            
          bool ghost_cleared_prev = false;
          int qual_prev = p.getQuality();
          int first_bx_prev = p.getBX();
          if (infoV > 1) LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
            << "ghost concellation logic " << ((i_pattern == 0) ? "Accelerator" : "Collision")
            << " key_wire "<< key_wire <<" quality "<< qual_this <<" bx " <<  first_bx[key_wire]
            << " previous key_wire "<< key_wire -1 <<" quality "<< qual_prev <<" bx " <<  first_bx[key_wire-1];

          //int dt = first_bx[key_wire] - first_bx[key_wire-1];
          int dt = first_bx[key_wire] - first_bx_prev;
          // Cancel this wire
          //   1) If the candidate at the previous wire is at the same bx
          //      clock and has better quality (or equal quality - this has
          //      been implemented only in 2004).
          //   2) If the candidate at the previous wire is up to 4 clocks
          //      earlier, regardless of quality.
          if (dt == 0) {
            if (qual_prev >= qual_this) ghost_cleared[i_pattern] = 1;
            else if (qual_prev < qual_this) ghost_cleared_prev = true;
          }
          else if (dt > 0 && dt <= ghost_cancellation_bx_depth ) {
            if ((!ghost_cancellation_side_quality) ||
                (qual_prev > qual_this) )
              ghost_cleared[i_pattern] = 1;
          }
          else if (dt < 0 && dt*(-1) <= ghost_cancellation_bx_depth){
            if ((!ghost_cancellation_side_quality) ||
                (qual_prev < qual_this) )
              ghost_cleared_prev = true;
          }

        if (ghost_cleared[i_pattern] == 1) {
          if (infoV > 1) LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
            << ((i_pattern == 0) ? "Accelerator" : "Collision")
            << " pattern ghost cancelled on key_wire " << key_wire <<" q="<<qual_this
            << "  by wire " << key_wire-1<<" q="<<qual_prev;
          //cancellation for key_wire is done when ALCT is created and pushed to lct_list
        } 
     
        if (ghost_cleared_prev) {
          if (infoV > 1) LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
            << ((i_pattern == 0) ? "Accelerator" : "Collision")
            << " pattern ghost cancelled on key_wire " << key_wire - 1 <<" q="<<qual_prev
            << "  by wire " << key_wire <<" q="<<qual_this;
            p.setValid(0);//clean prev ALCT
        }
        }

      }// if qual_this > 0
    }//i_pattern

}


void CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::lctSearch()
{

  // Best track selector selects two collision and two accelerator ALCTs
  // with the best quality per time bin.
  const std::vector<CSCALCTDigi>& fourBest = bestTrackSelector(lct_list);

  if (infoV > 0) {
    int n_alct_all=0, n_alct=0;
    for (const auto& p : lct_list) {
      if (p.isValid() && p.getBX() == CSCConstants::LCT_CENTRAL_BX) n_alct_all++;
    }
    for (const auto& p: fourBest) {
      if (p.isValid() && p.getBX() == CSCConstants::LCT_CENTRAL_BX) n_alct++;
    }

    LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")<<"alct_count E:"<<theEndcap<<"S:"<<theStation<<"R:"<<theRing<<"C:"<<theChamber
      <<"  all "<<n_alct_all<<"  found "<<n_alct;
  }

  // Select two best of four per time bin, based on quality and
  // accel_mode parameter.
  for (const auto& p : fourBest) {

    const int bx = p.getBX();
    if (bx >= CSCConstants::MAX_ALCT_TBINS) {
      if (infoV > 0) edm::LogWarning("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor|OutOfTimeALCT")
        << "+++ Bx of ALCT candidate, " << bx << ", exceeds max allowed, "
        << CSCConstants::MAX_ALCT_TBINS-1 << "; skipping it... +++\n";
      continue;
    }

    if (isBetterALCT(p, bestALCT[bx])) {
      if (isBetterALCT(bestALCT[bx], secondALCT[bx])) {
        secondALCT[bx] = bestALCT[bx];
      }
      bestALCT[bx] = p;
    }
    else if (isBetterALCT(p, secondALCT[bx])) {
      secondALCT[bx] = p;
    }
  }

  for (int bx = 0; bx < CSCConstants::MAX_ALCT_TBINS; bx++) {
    if (bestALCT[bx].isValid()) {
      bestALCT[bx].setTrknmb(1);
      if (infoV > 0) {
        LogDebug("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
          << "\n" << bestALCT[bx] << " fullBX = "<<bestALCT[bx].getFullBX()
          << " found in " << theCSCName_
          << " (sector " << theSector << " subsector " << theSubsector
          << " trig id. " << theTrigChamber << ")" << "\n";
      }
      if (secondALCT[bx].isValid()) {
        secondALCT[bx].setTrknmb(2);
        if (infoV > 0) {
          LogDebug("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
            << secondALCT[bx] << " fullBX = "<<secondALCT[bx].getFullBX()
            << " found in " << theCSCName_
            << " (sector " << theSector << " subsector " << theSubsector
            << " trig id. " << theTrigChamber << ")" << "\n";
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

std::vector<CSCALCTDigi> CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::bestTrackSelector(
                                 const std::vector<CSCALCTDigi>& all_alcts)
{
  CSCALCTDigi bestALCTs[CSCConstants::MAX_ALCT_TBINS][CSCConstants::MAX_ALCTS_PER_PROCESSOR];
  CSCALCTDigi secondALCTs[CSCConstants::MAX_ALCT_TBINS][CSCConstants::MAX_ALCTS_PER_PROCESSOR];

  if (infoV > 1) {
    LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor") << all_alcts.size() <<
      " ALCTs at the input of best-track selector: ";
    for (const auto& p : all_alcts) {
      if (!p.isValid()) continue;
      LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor") << p;
    }
  }

  CSCALCTDigi tA[CSCConstants::MAX_ALCT_TBINS][CSCConstants::MAX_ALCTS_PER_PROCESSOR];
  CSCALCTDigi tB[CSCConstants::MAX_ALCT_TBINS][CSCConstants::MAX_ALCTS_PER_PROCESSOR];
  for (const auto& p : all_alcts) {
    if (!p.isValid()) continue;

    // Select two collision and two accelerator ALCTs with the highest
    // quality at every bx.  The search for best ALCTs is done in parallel
    // for collision and accelerator patterns, and simultaneously for
    // two ALCTs, tA and tB.  If two or more ALCTs have equal qualities,
    // the priority is given to the ALCT with larger wiregroup number
    // in the search for tA (collision and accelerator), and to the ALCT
    // with smaller wiregroup number in the search for tB.
    int bx    = p.getBX();
    int accel = p.getAccelerator();
    int qual  = p.getQuality();
    int wire  = p.getKeyWG();
    bool vA = tA[bx][accel].isValid();
    bool vB = tB[bx][accel].isValid();
    int qA  = tA[bx][accel].getQuality();
    int qB  = tB[bx][accel].getQuality();
    int wA  = tA[bx][accel].getKeyWG();
    int wB  = tB[bx][accel].getKeyWG();
    if (!vA || qual > qA || (qual == qA && wire > wA)) {
      tA[bx][accel] = p;
    }
    if (!vB || qual > qB || (qual == qB && wire < wB)) {
      tB[bx][accel] = p;
    }
  }

  for (int bx = 0; bx < CSCConstants::MAX_ALCT_TBINS; bx++) {
    for (int accel = 0; accel <= 1; accel++) {
      // Best ALCT is always tA.
      if (tA[bx][accel].isValid()) {
        if (infoV > 2) {
          LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor") << "tA: " << tA[bx][accel];
          LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor") << "tB: " << tB[bx][accel];
        }
        bestALCTs[bx][accel] = tA[bx][accel];

        // If tA exists, tB exists too.
        if (tA[bx][accel] != tB[bx][accel] &&
            tA[bx][accel].getQuality() == tB[bx][accel].getQuality()) {
          secondALCTs[bx][accel] = tB[bx][accel];
        }
        else {
          // Funny part: if tA and tB are the same, or the quality of tB
          // is inferior to the quality of tA, the second best ALCT is
          // not tB.  Instead it is the largest-wiregroup ALCT among those
          // ALCT whose qualities are lower than the quality of the best one.
          for (const auto& p : all_alcts) {
            if (p.isValid() &&
                p.getAccelerator() == accel &&
                p.getBX() == bx &&
                p.getQuality() <  bestALCTs[bx][accel].getQuality() &&
                p.getQuality() >= secondALCTs[bx][accel].getQuality() &&
                p.getKeyWG()   >= secondALCTs[bx][accel].getKeyWG()) {
              secondALCTs[bx][accel] = p;
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }

  // Fill the vector with up to four best ALCTs per bx and return it.
  std::vector<CSCALCTDigi> fourBest;
  for (int bx = 0; bx < CSCConstants::MAX_ALCT_TBINS; bx++) {
    for (int i = 0; i < CSCConstants::MAX_ALCTS_PER_PROCESSOR; i++) {
      if (bestALCTs[bx][i].isValid()) {
        fourBest.push_back(bestALCTs[bx][i]);
      }
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < CSCConstants::MAX_ALCTS_PER_PROCESSOR; i++) {
      if (secondALCTs[bx][i].isValid()) {
        fourBest.push_back(secondALCTs[bx][i]);
      }
    }
  }

  if (infoV > 1) {
    LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor") << fourBest.size() << " ALCTs selected: ";
    for (const auto& p : fourBest) {
      LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor") << p;
    }
  }

  return fourBest;
}

bool CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::isBetterALCT(const CSCALCTDigi& lhsALCT,
                                        const CSCALCTDigi& rhsALCT) const
{
  bool returnValue = false;

  if (lhsALCT.isValid() && !rhsALCT.isValid()) {return true;}

  // ALCTs found at earlier bx times are ranked higher than ALCTs found at
  // later bx times regardless of the quality.
  if (lhsALCT.getBX()  < rhsALCT.getBX()) {returnValue = true;}
  if (lhsALCT.getBX() != rhsALCT.getBX()) {return returnValue;}

  // First check the quality of ALCTs.
  const int qual1 = lhsALCT.getQuality();
  const int qual2 = rhsALCT.getQuality();
  if (qual1 >  qual2) {returnValue = true;}
  // If qualities are the same, check accelerator bits of both ALCTs.
  // If they are not the same, rank according to accel_mode value.
  // If they are the same, keep the track selector assignment.
  //else if (qual1 == qual2 &&
  //         lhsALCT.getAccelerator() != rhsALCT.getAccelerator() &&
  //         quality[lhsALCT.getKeyWG()][1-lhsALCT.getAccelerator()] >
  //         quality[rhsALCT.getKeyWG()][1-rhsALCT.getAccelerator()])
  //  {returnValue = true;}
  else if (qual1 == qual2 && lhsALCT.getAccelerator() != rhsALCT.getAccelerator()){
      if ((accel_mode == 0 || accel_mode == 1) && rhsALCT.getAccelerator() == 0) returnValue = true;
      if ((accel_mode == 2 || accel_mode == 3) && lhsALCT.getAccelerator() == 0) returnValue = true;
  }

  return returnValue;
}

void CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::trigMode(const int key_wire)
{
  switch(trig_mode) {
  default:
  case 0:
    // Enables both collision and accelerator tracks
    break;
  case 1:
    // Disables collision tracks
    if (quality[key_wire][1] > 0) {
      quality[key_wire][1] = 0;
      if (infoV > 1) LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
        << "trigMode(): collision track " << key_wire << " disabled" << "\n";
    }
    break;
  case 2:
    // Disables accelerator tracks
    if (quality[key_wire][0] > 0) {
      quality[key_wire][0] = 0;
      if (infoV > 1) LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
        << "trigMode(): accelerator track " << key_wire << " disabled" << "\n";
    }
    break;
  case 3:
    // Disables collision track if there is an accelerator track found
    // in the same wire group at the same time
    if (quality[key_wire][0] > 0 && quality[key_wire][1] > 0) {
      quality[key_wire][1] = 0;
      if (infoV > 1) LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
        << "trigMode(): collision track " << key_wire << " disabled" << "\n";
    }
    break;
  }
}

void CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::accelMode(const int key_wire)
{
  int promotionBit = 1 << 2;

  switch(accel_mode) {
  default:
  case 0:
    // Ignore accelerator muons.
    if (quality[key_wire][0] > 0) {
      quality[key_wire][0] = 0;
      if (infoV > 1) LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
        << "alctMode(): accelerator track " << key_wire << " ignored" << "\n";
    }
    break;
  case 1:
    // Prefer collision muons by adding promotion bit.
    if (quality[key_wire][1] > 0) {
      quality[key_wire][1] += promotionBit;
      if (infoV > 1) LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
        << "alctMode(): collision track " << key_wire << " promoted" << "\n";
    }
    break;
  case 2:
    // Prefer accelerator muons by adding promotion bit.
    if (quality[key_wire][0] > 0) {
      quality[key_wire][0] += promotionBit;
      if (infoV > 1) LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
        << "alctMode(): accelerator track " << key_wire << " promoted"<< "\n";
    }
    break;
  case 3:
    // Ignore collision muons.
    if (quality[key_wire][1] > 0) {
      quality[key_wire][1] = 0;
      if (infoV > 1) LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
        << "alctMode(): collision track " << key_wire << " ignored" << "\n";
    }
    break;
  }
}

// Dump of configuration parameters.
void CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::dumpConfigParams() const
{
  std::ostringstream strm;
  strm << "\n";
  strm << "++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n";
  strm << "+                  ALCT configuration parameters:                  +\n";
  strm << "++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n";
  strm << " fifo_tbins   [total number of time bins in DAQ readout] = "
       << fifo_tbins << "\n";
  strm << " fifo_pretrig [start time of anode raw hits in DAQ readout] = "
       << fifo_pretrig << "\n";
  strm << " drift_delay  [drift delay after pre-trigger, in 25 ns bins] = "
       << drift_delay << "\n";
  strm << " nplanes_hit_pretrig [min. number of layers hit for pre-trigger] = "
       << nplanes_hit_pretrig << "\n";
  strm << " nplanes_hit_pattern [min. number of layers hit for trigger] = "
       << nplanes_hit_pattern << "\n";
  strm << " nplanes_hit_accel_pretrig [min. number of layers hit for accel."
       << " pre-trig.] = " << nplanes_hit_accel_pretrig << "\n";
  strm << " nplanes_hit_accel_pattern [min. number of layers hit for accel."
       << " trigger] = "   << nplanes_hit_accel_pattern << "\n";
  strm << " trig_mode  [enabling/disabling collision/accelerator tracks] = "
       << trig_mode << "\n";
  strm << " accel_mode [preference to collision/accelerator tracks] = "
       << accel_mode << "\n";
  strm << " l1a_window_width [L1Accept window width, in 25 ns bins] = "
       << l1a_window_width << "\n";
  strm << "++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n";
  LogDebug("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor") << strm.str();
  //std::cout<<strm.str()<<std::endl;
}

// Dump of digis on wire groups.
void CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::dumpDigis(const std::vector<int> wire[CSCConstants::NUM_LAYERS][CSCConstants::MAX_NUM_WIRES]) const
{
  LogDebug("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
    << theCSCName_
    << " nWiregroups " << numWireGroups;

  std::ostringstream strstrm;
  for (int i_wire = 0; i_wire < numWireGroups; i_wire++) {
    if (i_wire%10 == 0) {
      if (i_wire < 100) strstrm << i_wire/10;
      else              strstrm << (i_wire-100)/10;
    }
    else                strstrm << " ";
  }
  strstrm << "\n";
  for (int i_wire = 0; i_wire < numWireGroups; i_wire++) {
    strstrm << i_wire%10;
  }
  for (int i_layer = 0; i_layer < CSCConstants::NUM_LAYERS; i_layer++) {
    strstrm << "\n";
    for (int i_wire = 0; i_wire < numWireGroups; i_wire++) {
      if (!wire[i_layer][i_wire].empty()) {
        std::vector<int> bx_times = wire[i_layer][i_wire];
        strstrm << std::hex << bx_times[0] << std::dec;
      }
      else {
        strstrm << ".";
      }
    }
  }
  LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor") << strstrm.str();
}

// Returns vector of read-out ALCTs, if any.  Starts with the vector of
// all found ALCTs and selects the ones in the read-out time window.
std::vector<CSCALCTDigi> CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::readoutALCTs()
{
  std::vector<CSCALCTDigi> tmpV;

  // The number of LCT bins in the read-out is given by the
  // l1a_window_width parameter, but made even by setting the LSB of
  // l1a_window_width to 0.
  const int lct_bins =
    //    (l1a_window_width%2 == 0) ? l1a_window_width : l1a_window_width-1;
    l1a_window_width;
  static std::atomic<int> late_tbins{early_tbins + lct_bins};

  static std::atomic<int> ifois{0};
  if (ifois == 0) {

    //std::cout<<"ALCT early_tbins="<<early_tbins<<"  lct_bins="<<lct_bins<<"  l1a_window_width="<<l1a_window_width<<"  late_tbins="<<late_tbins<<std::endl;
    //std::cout<<"**** ALCT readoutALCTs config dump ****"<<std::endl;
    //dumpConfigParams();

    if (infoV >= 0 && early_tbins < 0) {
      edm::LogWarning("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor|SuspiciousParameters")
        << "+++ fifo_pretrig = " << fifo_pretrig
        << "; in-time ALCTs are not getting read-out!!! +++" << "\n";
    }

    if (late_tbins > CSCConstants::MAX_ALCT_TBINS-1) {
      if (infoV >= 0) edm::LogWarning("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor|SuspiciousParameters")
        << "+++ Allowed range of time bins, [0-" << late_tbins
        << "] exceeds max allowed, " << CSCConstants::MAX_ALCT_TBINS-1 << " +++\n"
        << "+++ Set late_tbins to max allowed +++\n";
      late_tbins = CSCConstants::MAX_ALCT_TBINS-1;
    }
    ifois = 1;
  }

  // Start from the vector of all found ALCTs and select those within
  // the ALCT*L1A coincidence window.
  const std::vector<CSCALCTDigi>& all_alcts = getALCTs();
  for (const auto& p : all_alcts) {
    if (!p.isValid()) continue;

    int bx = p.getBX();
    // Skip ALCTs found too early relative to L1Accept.
    if (bx <= early_tbins) {
      if (infoV > 1) LogDebug("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
        << " Do not report ALCT on keywire " << p.getKeyWG()
        << ": found at bx " << bx << ", whereas the earliest allowed bx is "
        << early_tbins+1;
      continue;
    }

    // Skip ALCTs found too late relative to L1Accept.
    if (bx > late_tbins) {
      if (infoV > 1) LogDebug("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
        << " Do not report ALCT on keywire " << p.getKeyWG()
        << ": found at bx " << bx << ", whereas the latest allowed bx is "
        << late_tbins;
      continue;
    }

    tmpV.push_back(p);
  }

  // shift the BX from 8 to 3
  // ALCTs in real data have the central BX in bin 3
  // which is the middle of the 7BX wide L1A window
  // ALCTs used in the TMB emulator have central BX at bin 8
  // but right before we put emulated ALCTs in the event, we shift the BX
  // by -5 to make sure they are compatible with real data ALCTs!
  for (auto& p : tmpV){
    p.setBX(p.getBX() - (CSCConstants::LCT_CENTRAL_BX - l1a_window_width/2));
  }
  return tmpV;
}

// Returns vector of all found ALCTs, if any.  Used in ALCT-CLCT matching.
std::vector<CSCALCTDigi> CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::getALCTs()
{
  std::vector<CSCALCTDigi> tmpV;
  for (int bx = 0; bx < CSCConstants::MAX_ALCT_TBINS; bx++) {
    if (bestALCT[bx].isValid())   tmpV.push_back(bestALCT[bx]);
    if (secondALCT[bx].isValid()) tmpV.push_back(secondALCT[bx]);
  }
  return tmpV;
}


void CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::showPatterns(const int key_wire)
{
  /* Method to test the pretrigger */
  for (int i_pattern = 0; i_pattern < CSCConstants::NUM_ALCT_PATTERNS;
       i_pattern++) {
    std::ostringstream strstrm_header;
    LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
      << "\n" << "Pattern: " << i_pattern << " Key wire: " << key_wire;
    for (int i = 1; i <= 32; i++) {
      strstrm_header << ((32-i)%10);
    }
    LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor") << strstrm_header.str();
    for (int i_wire = 0; i_wire < CSCConstants::MAX_WIRES_IN_PATTERN; i_wire++) {
      if (pattern_mask[i_pattern][i_wire] != 0) {
        std::ostringstream strstrm_pulse;
        int this_layer = pattern_envelope[0][i_wire];
        int this_wire  = pattern_envelope[1+MESelection][i_wire]+key_wire;
        if (this_wire >= 0 && this_wire < numWireGroups) {
          for (int i = 1; i <= 32; i++) {
            strstrm_pulse << ((pulse[this_layer][this_wire]>>(32-i)) & 1);
          }
          LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
            << strstrm_pulse.str() << " on layer " << this_layer <<" wire "<< this_wire;
        }
      }
    }
    LogTrace("CSCAnodeLCTProcessor")
      << "-------------------------------------------";
  }
}

int CSCAnodeLCTProcessor::getTempALCTQuality(int temp_quality) const
{
  int Q;
  if (temp_quality > 3) Q = temp_quality - 3;
  else                  Q = 0; // quality code 0 is valid!

  return Q;
}